Study of a luminescent and antibacterial biomaterial based on hydroxyapatite as support for an antineoplastic drug
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FOCUS ISSUE
(NANO)MATERIALS FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Studyofaluminescentandantibacterialbiomaterialbased on hydroxyapatite as support for an antineoplastic drug Amanda Alves Barbosa1,a) 1
Department University of 2 Department 3 Department a) Address all
, Severino Alves Júnior2, Andréa de Vasconcelos Ferraz3
of Materials Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50740-560, Brazil; and Department of Materials Science, Federal San Francisco Valley, Juazeiro, BA 48902-300, Brazil of Materials Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50740-560, Brazil of Materials Science, Federal University of San Francisco Valley, Juazeiro, BA 48902-300, Brazil correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected]
Received: 23 November 2018; accepted: 29 March 2019
In this work, a multifunctional system was developed in which antibacterial and luminescent properties were inserted into the matrix of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and its efficiency as a support for an antineoplastic drug was evaluated, aiming its application in the treatment of osseous diseases. The precipitation method was used for the synthesis of HAp, EuCl3 was used for the incorporation of Eu3+ as imaging agents, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with antimicrobial function were used, and a model of drug, 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was used. The developed material is characterized by several techniques, where crystalline peaks attributed to HAp were identified in the X-ray diffractogram, whereas the luminescence spectrum of the material presented emissions attributed to the Eu3+ ion. The identification and the uniform distribution of AgNPs, 5FU, and Eu3+ were confirmed by mapping the sample using energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The measurements indicated that 82% (±2.8) of 5FU was incorporated into the HAp matrix, and a gradual and increasing release of it as a function of time was observed. Assays carried out for different bacteria confirmed the antimicrobial action of the samples and the efficiency of the drug inserted into the matrix. An in vitro assay showed the bioactivity of the material and its potential to bind to living osseous tissue.
Introduction Among the different types of neoplasms, bone cancer is one of the most common form of the disease in the world, an event that is attributed to the occurrence of metastases that reach the skeleton [1, 2]. Chemotherapy using specific drug delivery to the bone is still rather limited [3]. The structural similarity between the bone and the synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAp) has led to research aimed at its use as a drug delivery system, since synthetic HAp is an ideal support for applications in bone tissue engineering as it can be used as a graft and can be loaded with either a therapeutic agent or a diagnostic agent [4]. In the case of bone cancer, a surgical intervention for removing the tumor tissue is usually required, causing a deformity at the site that needs filling [5]. A major problem related to implant surgeries is infections associated with microbial colonization. Thus, using bone graft
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