Study of Methodologies for Risk Assessment in Operational System Safety
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TECHNICAL ARTICLE—PEER-REVIEWED
Study of Methodologies for Risk Assessment in Operational System Safety Mohamed C. Embarek • Elias A. Hadjadj
Submitted: 10 March 2010 / Published online: 19 October 2010 ASM International 2010
Abstract Several methodologies for risk analysis have been developed to manage major industrial risks. All of these developed scientific methodologies represent the discipline of operational system safety. In the industrial activities, it is often difficult to choose and to find the best and the most appropriate methodology for a given situation which allows us to obtain the most complete and benefic results. In this article, 35 methods were identified to be studied that will allow us to choose and eventually develop the most appropriate methodology in a given situation. We found that these methods are either empirical, statistical or both at the same time and in any case they may be either qualitative or quantitative. The review of all input and output data used permits us to divide them into different classes. To understand the usefulness and role of each methodology links were developed between different classes of input data and different types of methodologies, on the one hand, and on the other hand, links between the different classes of output data and methodologies. This work shows the judicious way to choose or develop the methodology for risk analysis the most appropriate depending on the situation to be analyzed, the availability of the basic input data and the type of results needed. Keywords System safety Risk analysis Safety analysis Risk assessment
M. C. Embarek (&) E. A. Hadjadj Department of Electro-Mechanics, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria e-mail: [email protected]
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Introduction Any industrial activity includes daily minor incidents without any gravity, accidents and even disasters due to technical malfunctions, human error, environmental conditions, or their combination. Unfortunately, zero risk does not exist for this kind of activity due to the causes cited and therefore if we cannot eliminate risks we try to reduce them [1]. In an attempt to reduce risk to an acceptable low level, methods and scientific techniques have been developed to assess potential risks, predict the possibility of occurrence of failures, and attempt to minimize the consequences. These methods are characterized by prediction and operational studies based on the theories of probability. All these scientific methodologies developed represent the discipline of system safety or operational safety [2]. The system safety is often called risk analysis, scientific failures, the RAMS (reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety) [3]. This discipline can be used in both the conceptual and operational level of the system or in investigation cases after the occurrence of accidents or failures of the operational systems to determine the exact root causes that provoked this accident, incident or provoked the failure and stopped the operating system. Operational safety is an es
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