Study of Surface Properties in Laser Surface Alloying of Al x Cu 0.5 FeNiTi High-Entropy Alloy
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JMEPEG https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05194-x
Study of Surface Properties in Laser Surface Alloying of AlxCu0.5FeNiTi High-Entropy Alloy Anas Ahmad Siddiqui and Avanish Kumar Dubey (Submitted June 15, 2020; in revised form August 13, 2020; Accepted September 13, 2020) Due to better alloying characteristics, high-entropy alloys may result in superior surface properties. The present paper investigates the microhardness and erosion behavior of laser surface alloyed AlxCu0.5FeNiTi high-entropy alloy on aluminum alloy (AA1050) substrate. The effects of laser power, scan speed, and powder feed rate on microhardness and erosion rates are studied comprehensively. X-ray diffraction confirms the presence of a three-phase system and a shift in the peak at high power density, which indicates more significant lattice distortion. Scanning electron microscopy images show good dispersion of the threephase system at optimum parameters. Energy dispersive spectroscopy confirms the presence of elements with negligible precipitation. Further, experimental data are used to develop empirical models. The optimizations of these models show an appropriate selection of parameter levels that may result in an erosionresistant alloy. At optimum parameters, microhardness and erosion rate improve by 11.56 and 22.44%, respectively. Keywords
erosion rate, high-entropy alloy, laser surface alloying, microhardness
1. Introduction Extreme environments require components having superior surface properties. The surface of the components can be easily modified using various surface engineering techniques such as induction melting, arc melting, plasma coating, and laser material processing. For precision coatings of thermally sensitive and multi-component materials, usually, laser material processing is employed (Ref 1) owing to its local heating and high cooling rates, thermal distortion, and segregation tendency decrease (Ref 2). Also, the high energy density of laser beam eases melting of nearly every metal (Ref 3). The layers and coatings developed using this technique have excellent bonding strength, with a small heat-affected zone. Other techniques typically suffer in one or the other quality parameters (Ref 4). The high repeatability and controllability of laser-based processes make them appropriate for industrial standards (Ref 5). Hence, laser-based surface techniques have been applied in automotive, aerospace, medical, marine, and nuclear applications (Ref 6-9). Aluminum is the most abundant metal. It possesses high specific strength, low density, ease of fabrication, and high ductility, but due to low hardness, it is not suitable for most of the tribological applications (Ref 10). Thus, coating with some wear-resistant material may solve our purpose. Some researchers have observed that high-entropy alloy (HEA) has superior tribological properties compared to conventional and some Anas Ahmad Siddiqui and Avanish Kumar Dubey, Mechanical Engineering Department, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh 21
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