Study of the Phase Composition and Porosity Structure of a Ceramic Material that is More than 400 Years Old (Spain)
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Vol. 61, No. 4, November, 2020
STUDY OF THE PHASE COMPOSITION AND POROSITY STRUCTURE OF A CERAMIC MATERIAL THAT IS MORE THAN 400 YEARS OLD (SPAIN) E. S. Abdrakhimova1,3 and V. Z. Abdrakhimov2 Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 57 – 62, July, 2020.
Original article submitted May 6, 2020. Ceramic material taken from walls of the church of St. Mary (Spain) was studied. The elemental composition of the studied material showed an increased carbon content (15.42%), indicating that fuel was introduced into the raw material and contributed to uniform sintering and porosity formation inside the ceramic sample. Three types of pores were found most often in the studied sample: slit-shaped, isometric, and oval-shaped. The isometric pores were found in the form of channels. The presence of isometric pores and oval closed porosity in the studied material gave it mechanical strength. The increased CaO content (11.92%) in the sample contributed to the formation of anorthite, which increased the strength of the products. Keywords: durability of ceramics, church of St. Mary, porosity structure, anorthite, liquid phase.
The goal of the present work was to use modern analytical methods to study the phase composition and porosity
INTRODUCTION Issues of phase transitions [1] and porosity structure [2, 3] in the technology of ceramic materials are given special significance because namely they determine the operating properties of products. Calella is a surprising Spanish village located in Barcelona Province within the Catalonia Autonomous Community. Tourists are attracted to its numerous points of interest, one of which is the baroque church of St. Mary (Fig. 1), construction of which began in the middle of the XVIth century. The original cathedral building of the XVIth century (the parish church was constructed in 1564 and Calella separated from the parish of Pineda de Mar) is the creation of architect Josep Morato and is 21 m in length and 13 m in width. It functioned as a small fortress. The bell tower is located to the right; a comunidor (small building intended to chase away by prayer epidemics, storms, and other hazards), on the left. The tower had gun ports and space for two cannons. The bell tower was used to protect the city because it was the tallest structure in it. The tower was surrounded by a wall with two entrances, one each in front of every door. 1 2 3
S. P. Korolev Samara National Research University, Samara, Russia. Samara State University of Economics, Samara, Russia. [email protected]
Fig. 1. Church of St. Mary (Calella): Central entrance (a), general view (b ), sample taken for study (c).
404 1083-4877/20/06104-0404 © 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
Phase Composition and Porosity Structure of a Ceramic Material That is More Than 400 Years Old
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structure of ceramic material taken from the walls of the church of St. Mary in Calella. METHODS Modern analytical chemistry methods were used to study the ceramic samples. Elemental analysis and electron images of the ceramic samples were obta
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