Subjective Well-Being, Transnational Families and Social Integration of Married Immigrants in Italy
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Subjective Well‑Being, Transnational Families and Social Integration of Married Immigrants in Italy Maria Carella1 · Thaís García‑Pereiro1 · Roberta Pace1 Accepted: 1 June 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract International literature has shown that demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, social ties and supports in the host country play an important role on migrants’ subjective wellbeing. The influence of such characteristics has been widely studied so far, especially on immigrants’ levels of life satisfaction, but how living transnational partnerships and parenthoods might affect the subjective wellbeing of migrants and how this situation might be reflecting social integration issues still remains poorly understood. This paper is aimed at covering this gap by analyzing each one of the components of subjective well-being: own assessment of life satisfaction (cognitive component), feelings of loneliness (emotional component) and sense of belonging (affective component). Ordinal logistic regressions were run on a selected sample of the Survey on Social Conditions and Integration of Foreign citizens carried out by ISTAT in 2011/2012. Results have shown that living in transnational families differently affect subjective wellbeing, being particularly important for the cognitive and emotional components among married immigrants. Self-perceived social integration has been found to be a protective factor of immigrants’ levels of subjective wellbeing, having a preventive role on their levels of life satisfaction and feelings of loneliness. Keywords Immigrants · Subjective wellbeing · Social integration · Transnational families · Italy
1 Introduction Currently in Italy, as well as in other European countries, migration concerns an increasing number of families and couples whose structure has evolved influencing not only their socio-economic status but also their migratory projects (Carella 2016; * Thaís García‑Pereiro [email protected] Maria Carella [email protected] Roberta Pace [email protected] 1
Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
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Barbiano di Belgiojoso and Terzera 2018; Gabrielli et al. 2019). This has been increasingly challenging for host societies trying to positively influence immigrants’ living conditions, wellbeing and integration processes. According to the indicators of the 2015 Migration Integration Policy Index (MIPEX 2015, http://www.mipex.eu/), Italy is one of the European countries where integration policies and rights guarantees favoring migrants have been positively evaluated. Nevertheless, scholars have shown that administrative procedures and overly restrictive formal regulations have often caused negative consequences on the living conditions of immigrants (Zincone 2000; Cesareo and Blangiardo 2009; Bonifazi 2013). Few papers have attempted to analyze subjective well-being (SWB) among immigrants in Italy mainly exploring the impact of demographic, socioeconomic and migration-specific charact
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