Summary
The first papers pointing out to the potential use of transcatheter techniques to manage patients with paravalvular leaks (PVL) were published in 2011 [1–3].
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Transcatheter Paravalvular Leak Closure
Grzegorz Smolka • Wojciech Wojakowski Michal Tendera Editors
Transcatheter Paravalvular Leak Closure
Editors Grzegorz Smolka Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases Medical University of Silesia Katowice, Poland
Wojciech Wojakowski Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases Medical University of Silesia Katowice, Poland
Michal Tendera Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Diseases Medical University of Silesia Katowice, Poland
ISBN 978-981-10-5399-3 ISBN 978-981-10-5400-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-5400-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017950005 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Preface
Aortic stenosis and mitral regurgitation have become the most prevalent forms of valvular heart disease. They commonly require surgical interventions, including valve replacement. Although clinically significant postoperative paravalvular leaks are rather uncommon, they are recognized as an important clinical problem that may cause severe heart failure and intractable hemolysis. In these patients, surgical reintervention is generally related to high perioperative risk. Therefore, transcatheter paravalvular leak treatment has attracted a lot of attention since its introduction in 2011. Since then, transcatheter interventions have followed a difficult but successful path of development. The difficulties have been mostly linked to the technical issues, such as visualization of the defect, suboptimal delivery systems, and the lack of dedicated occluders. The success comes with the
