Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic nanofibrous membrane for separation of oil/water emulsions
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Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic nanofibrous membrane for separation of oil/water emulsions Jingjing Wang1,a) , Luming Wang2 1
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P.R. China Engineering Center for Straw Ecological Building Materials of Jiangsu Province, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P.R. China a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] 2
Received: 7 March 2020; accepted: 19 May 2020
Membranes with special wettability have attracted increasing interest for oil/water separation. Herein, the cellulose-based nanofibrous membrane was fabricated in an aqueous system by an electrospinning technique. The membrane was then modified successively through coating polydopamine and polyethyleneimine on the surface, which endowed the membrane with superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic character. The composition and morphology of the resultant membrane were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscope, respectively. Surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions were used to evaluate the separation performance of the membrane at different pH values. It was found that the membrane displayed the excellent antifouling property and separation performance for all different emulsions, with separation efficiency above 99.1% due to the development of a hydration layer underwater on the membrane surface. The reusability study indicated that the modification coating was stable enough to effectively separate emulsions after recycling at least 20 times. The developed nanofibrous membrane, as well as the corresponding modification strategy, enriched the application of membranes with special wettability in the field of oil spills and oily wastewater treatments.
INTRODUCTION Oil pollution has exerted abominable influence on the ecological environment and drawn continuous attention of the society in recent years [1, 2]. Oil/water separation, especially emulsified oil/water separation, becomes an urgent and challenging task worldwide due to the increasing discharge of oily wastewater from various industries and frequent oil spill accidents [3]. Traditional techniques for oil/water separation, such as bioremediation, skimming, flotation, and gravity separation, suffer from limits of high operation cost and low separation efficiency [4, 5]. Furthermore, these aforementioned methods are not suitable for the separation of oil/water emulsions [6]. Therefore, high efficient and environmentally friendly technologies with low operation cost are still desirable. Membrane filtration is recognized as one of the most promising methods for the separation of oil/water mixtures due to intrinsic properties of this technique, such as high flux,
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environmental friendliness, and cost-effectiveness [7, 8, 9]. Because oil/water separation is factually an interfacial challenge, mem
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