Supporting Diagnosis and Treatment

This is the last but very important chapter dealing with person-centred diagnostic consultation, step-by-step guide to disclosing a diagnosis based on the SPIKES protocol as well as frequently asked questions and answers. The chapter ends with evidence-ba

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123

Alzheimer’s Disease

Arun Jha • Kaushik Mukhopadhaya

Alzheimer’s Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Guide

Arun Jha Lambourn Grove Care Unit Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust St Albans UK

Kaushik Mukhopadhaya Hertfordshire Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust St Albans UK

ISBN 978-3-030-56738-5    ISBN 978-3-030-56739-2 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-56739-2 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

To my esteemed teacher Professor Mohan Mishra, who taught me internal medicine in India in 1970s and inspired me to write this book by presenting his scientific paper on the clinical trial of herbal medicine for Alzheimer’s disease in London in 2018, at the age of 80, with sincere thanks and debt of gratitude. I still use his techniques of neurological examination for differentiating Alzheimer’s from vascular dementia. Arun Jha To my late father Justice Suresh Chandra Mukherji who taught me the values that made me the person I am and inspired me to serve humanity as a doctor. Kaushik Mukhopadhaya

Foreword

‘The concept of treatable and untreatable dementias is no longer relevant; all dementias are treatable’. In this one sentence, Arun Jha and Kaushik Mukhopadhaya have set the tone of their discourse. Many believe that a good memory is the sin qua non of good cognition. This is OK as far as it goes, but memory itself is not a quantifiable commodity. What is memory after all and what are its types? Memory acquisition consists of three stages—Recording, Retaining and Retrieving: you go to say a class room lec