Supporting LTE Networks in Heterogeneous Environment Using the Y-Comm Framework
There are two trends in the research to develop future networks. While the first aims to introduce new technologies such as the Long Term Evolution (LTE) and WiMAX with high-speed data. The second aimed at providing clients with a ubiquitous connectivity
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Abstract Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETS) have actually attracted a lot of attention over the last few years as being used to improve road safety. In this paper, cluster based technique has been introduced in VANET. As VANET is a new form of MANET, so with this cluster based technique in VANET, several handoff problems have been removed, which were actually difficult to remove in MANET. For this traffic infrastructure cluster based routing has been used, with two routing protocols i.e. AODV and AODV+. The network simulator NS2 has been used for removing unpredictable movements that may arise in the network. Keywords VANET · Clustering · AODV · AODV+
1 Introduction IEEE 802.11 p is an approved amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to add wireless access in vehicular environments [1]. The IEEE 802.11 standard body is currently working on a new amendment, IEEE 802.11 p, to address these concerns. This document is named Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment, also known as WAVE [2]. A Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network, or VANET, is a technology that uses moving cars as nodes in a network to create a mobile network. VANET turns every participating car into a wireless router or node, allowing cars approximately 100–300 m of each other to connect and, in turn, create a network with a wide range. As cars fall out of the signal range and drop out of the network, other cars can join in, connecting A. Anand (B) · P. Singh Chandigarh Engineering College, Landran, Mohali Punjab, India e-mail: [email protected] P. Singh (B) e-mail: [email protected] N. Chaki et al. (eds.), Computer Networks & Communications (NetCom), Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 131, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6154-8_20, © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
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vehicles to one another so that a mobile Internet is created [3] Vehicular Ad hoc network (VANET) is a new form of Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) [4].
2 Problem Formulations As earlier, research is done on Mobile ad hoc network (MANETS)1 [5]. But with MANETs several handoff problems were difficult to remove. So a new cluster based technique in VANETS is introduced, to remove these handoff problems. And various unpredictable movements that may occur in the network can also be reduced or lessen using this Cluster based technique in VANET.
3 Methodology Used Scenario is taken as under: Work is done on Fedora and Windows. In Fedora [6], MOVE is used. Following is the scenario representing clustered vehicles in VANET environment. Scenario 1: At the very start, nodes i.e. vehicles are in random order. There is no source node and no destination node. In this scenario, vehicles are taken as nodes and these vehicles are moving in a cluster. Every vehicle is connected to another vehicle. Firstly a cluster head is decided, which can also be considered as a source node, after that only another nodes can start working. Source node sends data packets to next node and then to next one, resulting data packets to be passed on through various nodes to reach its d
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