Surgical site infections in general surgery operations in North West Greece: A prospective pilot study
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Hellenic Journal of Surgery (2013) 85:4, 229-234
Surgical Site Infections in General Surgery Operations in North West Greece: A Prospective Pilot Study A. Bekiari, D. Dimopoulos, A. Mantelou, V. Tatsis, M. Fatouros, G. Baltogiannis, G. Glantzounis
Abstract Aim-Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality that add to the cost of hospitalization. The aim of the present pilot study is to assess the incidence rate of SSIs and associated risk factors in the Department of Surgery at the University Hospital of Ioannina. Methods A prospective active surveillance study was performed for patients undergoing general surgery from Decem-
ber 2010 to May 2011. Patients were inspected daily for the development of SSIs for a period of 30 days in accordance with the standard definitions for SSIs and protocols as outlined by the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) system. Univariate analysis was applied to evaluate the association between potential risk factors and SSIs. Results Sixteen of the 207 patients developed SSIs (rate 7.7%). The majority were women (81.2%). The most common
microorganisms were gram negative (61.5%). Univariate analysis showed that females, an ASA score >2, increased duration (>24 hrs) of chemoprophylaxis, and an NNIS score >1 were associated with an increased risk for SSIs. Conclusion This pilot study identified factors associated with increased SSI rates. The continuation of the study is
expected to provide helpful information toward ways of preventing and reducing SSIs. Keywords Surgical site infections, risk factors, surveillance, chemoprophylaxis
Introduction Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant problem in surgery as they are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, hospital stay and cost [1,2]. With the term SSI, we refer to infection that occurs within the first month after surgery (or within a year if an implant is left in place after the procedure). A surgery-related condition, SSIs can involve skin, subcutaneous tissue, or deep tissue (fascia, muscle) of the incision, or collections around the organ manipulated during the procedure [3]. The first mention of SSIs can be found in the papyrus of Elder that dates back to the 16th century. The first real steps toward the treatment and prevention of SSIs were made with A. Bekiari, A. Mantelou, V. Tatsis, M. Fatouros, G. Baltogiannis, G. Glantzounis Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Ioannina D. Dimopoulos Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece Corresponding Author: Georgios Glantzounis, MD, PhD, FEBS Assistant Professor of Surgery & Transplantation Department of Surgery, School of Medicine University of Ioannina 45 110, Ioannina, Greece Tel.: +30 26510 99769, Fax: +30 26510 70484 e-mail: [email protected] Received 24 Feb 2003; Accepted 26 April 2003 Hellenic Journal of Surgery 85
the introduction by Joseph Lister (1881-1912) of antiseptic solutions during surgeries, the discovery of penicillin by Alexa
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