Sustainable Management of Soil and Environment

Fertilizers have been used extensively around the globe since the Green Revolution, due to the high subsidies. However, extensive fertilizer use exacerbates soil degradation and causes yield stagnation, and as a result threatens food security and soil sus

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tainable Management of Soil and Environment

Sustainable Management of Soil and Environment

Ram Swaroop Meena  •  Sandeep Kumar Jitendra Singh Bohra  •  Mangi Lal Jat Editors

Sustainable Management of Soil and Environment

Editors Ram Swaroop Meena Department of Agronomy Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

Sandeep Kumar Department of Agronomy Indian Council of Agricultural Research New Delhi, India

Jitendra Singh Bohra Department of Agronomy Institute of Agricultural Sciences, BHU Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

Mangi Lal Jat International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) New Delhi, India

ISBN 978-981-13-8831-6    ISBN 978-981-13-8832-3 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8832-3 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore

Contents

1 Soil and Environmental Management����������������������������������������������������    1 Sathiya Bama Kaliappan, Yazhini Gunasekaran, R. Smyrna, and Ram Swaroop Meena 2 Strategies to Practice Climate-Smart Agriculture to Improve the Livelihoods Under the Rice-Wheat Cropping System in South Asia��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������   29 Rajan Bhatt, Ramanjit Kaur, and Amlan Ghosh 3 Soil Erosion and Management Strategies����������������������������������������������   73 Shakeel Ahmad Bhat, Mehraj U. Din Dar, and Ram Swaroop Meena 4 Conservation Agriculture: Perspectives on Soil and Environmental Management in Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������  123 Rakesh Kumar, Kirti Saur