Management of Soil Problems

Soils are neither good nor bad, but some have inherent or acquired characteristics that may or may not suit our intended use. Unsuitable characteristics are considered to be soil problems, soil constraints or soil limitations. Only twelve percent of

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Management of Soil Problems

Management of Soil Problems

Khan Towhid Osman

Management of Soil Problems

Khan Towhid Osman Department of Soil Science University of Chittagong Chittagong, Bangladesh

ISBN 978-3-319-75525-0    ISBN 978-3-319-75527-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75527-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018935130 © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer International Publishing AG part of Springer Nature. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

For my uncle A. K. M. Abdur Rashid Who was there by the grace of Almighty for me and my family when we were in dire need

Preface

Management of Soil Problems is intended for students of all levels of Soil Science, Agronomy, Horticulture, Forestry, Geography and Environmental Sciences. The soil is a limited non-renewable resource, and the formation of one centimeter depth of fertile surface soil may need several hundreds to thousands of years in nature. Still the area of fertile and productive soils is continuously decreasing for increasing pressures on soils, land-use changes, and soil mismanagement. Moreover, only twelve percent of the global soil area has a few or no limitations to agricultural use; others have some sorts of problems of variable degrees. But, there are many misconceptions about soil use and management, particularly regarding the so-called problem soils and soil problems. Actually, there are a few soils that can be called problem soils in their natural state. If allowed to remain in an undisturbed condition, all soils can function appropriately in their own ecosystems. However, some soils can acquire, during their genesis and evolution under a set or sets of so