Sustainable Utilization of Powdered Glass to Improve the Mechanical Behavior of Fat Clay
- PDF / 2,004,287 Bytes
- 12 Pages / 595 x 786 pts Page_size
- 72 Downloads / 169 Views
pISSN 1226-7988, eISSN 1976-3808 www.springer.com/12205
DOI 10.1007/s12205-020-0159-2
Geotechnical Engineering
Sustainable Utilization of Powdered Glass to Improve the Mechanical Behavior of Fat Clay Hassan Mujtaba a, Usama Khalid and Hussain Mustafa Shahzad f
b,c
, Khalid Farooqa, Mehboob Elahia, Ziaur Rehman
d,e
,
aDept.
of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54600, Pakistan Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China cCivil Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan dNUST Institute of Civil Engineering (NICE), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering (SCEE), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan eState Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China fSchool of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5095, Australia
bState
ARTICLE HISTORY
ABSTRACT
Received 8 February 2020 Accepted 24 June 2020 Published Online 14 October 2020
Civil engineering infrastructure like roads, bridges, railway tracks, and building structures constructed on fat clay becomes suspicious due to adverse change in the behavior of such soil on interaction with water. To solve such problems especially in underdeveloped countries, application of industrial waste like glass is associated with technical, financial, and environmental benefits. Emphasis of current study is to determine the consequences of powdered glass (GC) on mechanical behavior of fat clay. A fat clayey sample was collected from location of Nandipur, and glass was taken from local glass market in powdered form. Samples were remolded at optimum moisture content and maximum dry unit weight by mixing GC up to 14%. Soil classification tests, modified compaction tests, unconfined compression tests, onedimensional consolidation tests, California bearing ratio (CBR) tests, and scanning electron microscope were performed. With increasing GC, the consistency limits, compression characteristics, swell characteristics, and optimum moisture content decreased while maximum dry unit weight, yield stress, CBR, and unconfined compression strength increased. Influence of GC is also observed on microstructure of treated clay. After 12% GC, aforementioned geotechnical characteristics behave inversely for selected clay. The optimum GC-value for the tested clay is about 12%, however, this value may vary from clay to clay.
KEYWORDS Sustainability Fat clay Powdered glass Mechanical characteristics Microstructure
1. Introduction Engineering characteristics of subgrade and embankment soils have great influence on the performance and durability of roads (Singh et al., 2019). The frequent exercise in Pakistan is to use in-situ soil as a subgrade or embankment material, which could be fat clay by default. Numerous areas in Pakistan including Sialkot, Dera Ghazi khan, Dera Ismail khan, Chakwal, Narowal, Gujranwala etc. have fat clay deposits (Imtiaz, 2015; Naw
Data Loading...
