Symbiotic Microbiomes of Coral Reefs Sponges and Corals
This book focuses on the symbiotic microbiomes of invertebrates in coral reefs, especially sponges and corals. It provides in-depth and up-to-date reviews on the microbial structure and diversity, metabolism and function, symbiosis and coevolution, enviro
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Symbiotic Microbiomes of Coral Reefs Sponges and Corals
Symbiotic Microbiomes of Coral Reefs Sponges and Corals
Zhiyong Li Editor
Symbiotic Microbiomes of Coral Reefs Sponges and Corals
Editor Zhiyong Li Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
ISBN 978-94-024-1610-7 ISBN 978-94-024-1612-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1612-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2019935528 © Springer Nature B.V. 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature B.V. The registered company address is: Van Godewijckstraat 30, 3311 GX Dordrecht, The Netherlands
Preface
Coral reefs, which are often called “rainforests of the sea,” form some of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth, i.e., they occupy less than 0.1% of the world’s ocean surface and provide a home for 25% of all marine species. Paradoxically, coral reefs flourish even though they are surrounded by ocean waters that provide few nutrients. The exploration to explain how can the world’s most productive and diverse ecosystems thrive in the marine equivalent of a desert has made the invertebrates in coral reefs an important object of study. “Microbiome” means the entire microbial community and genes that reside in an environmental niche. Coral reefs provide habitat for an array of marine invertebrates that host symbiotic microbiomes that perform important ecosystem functions such as chemical defense, nutrient and energy transformation, and waste and toxic compound degradation. It was proved that microbiomes have numerous beneficial functions relevant to supporting the host’s life. In some aspects, invertebrate-symbiotic microbes play a key role in the biological diversity of
