Synthesis and characterization of GO-H 3 BO 3 composite for improving single-sensor impedimetric olfaction
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Synthesis and characterization of GO‑H3BO3 composite for improving single‑sensor impedimetric olfaction M. F. P. da Silva1 · E. J. P. Souza1 · A. T. S. Junior3 · M. R. Cavallari2 · L. G. Paterno4 · A. F. C. Campos1 · F. J. Fonseca5 · J. V. E. Bernardi1 · R. Landers6 Received: 8 April 2020 / Accepted: 12 July 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The present study shows the synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide (GO) and its composite with boric acid (GOHBO). Their films were applied to a multi-frequency impedimetric single-sensor olfaction, operating in a high humid environment for human breath diagnoses. The characterization of the composite GO-HBO and bare GO was carried using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), impedance spectroscopy (IS), structural analysis: XRD, Raman, and elementary analysis: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetry (TG). The determination of the electronic signatures of the water and aqueous solutions of ethanol or acetone, in the range of 80–640 ppm, was carried out. For that, a single sensor was interrogated sequentially with five different frequencies of the signal probe, inside a headspace system. The matrix of values, of the impedance, capacitance, and phase angle, was analyzed using multivariate PCA statistics. The differential performance of both materials was discussed based on structural and electric properties. Despite the proof-of-concept nature of this study, the whole of its results contributes to the further developments of materials for single-sensor olfaction.
1 Introduction The huge advance of computational resources has supported extensive research efforts toward the development of olfactive and gustative systems [1]. The possibility of non-expert * M. F. P. da Silva [email protected] 1
Laboratory for Environmental and Applied Nanoscience, Faculty of Planaltina, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF CEP 73345‑010, Brazil
2
Department of Renewable Energy, UNILA Federal Univeristy of Lantin American Integration, Av. Sílcio Américo Sasdelli, 1842, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, Brazil
3
Chemistry Institute of the University of São Paulo, Av. Linnaeus Prestes, 748 ‑ Butantã, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508‑000, Brazil
4
Chemistry Institute of the University of Brasília, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Brasília, DF CEP 70910‑900, Brazil
5
Politecnic School of the University of São Paulo, Departamento de Engenharia de Sistemas Eletrônicos, PSI-EPUSP, Av. Professor Mello Moraes, n° 2463, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508‑030, Brazil
6
Departament of Applied Physics, Institute of Physic Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP CEP 13083‑859, Brazil
users to carry out chemical analysis is the primary motivation. These multisensorial techniques rely on the co-working of an array of sensors with overlapping sensibility and selectivity. The generated signals are analyzed collectively, with the aid of pattern recognition techniques, for the establishment of the electronic fingerprint
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