Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposite based on reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticles-carbon dots: electroa
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RESEARCH PAPER
Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposite based on reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticles-carbon dots: electroanalytical determination of dihydroxybenzene isomers simultaneously Rafael Cesana & Josué M. Gonçalves & Rodolpho M. Ignácio & Marcelo Nakamura & Vitor M. Zamarion & Henrique E. Toma & Thiago C. Canevari
Received: 8 July 2020 / Accepted: 21 October 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract This work describes the synthesis, characterization, and application of a new ternary rGO-AuNPsCdots nanocomposite, which was extensively characterized by high-resolution electron microscopy (HRTEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and electrochemical techniques. The nanocomposite was used to modify the surface of the glassy carbon electrode aiming to develop an electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of phenolic isomers. Electrochemical studies were performed in acetate buffer, pH 5.5. The modified rGO-AuNPs-Cdots electrode showed good electrocatalytic response for simultaneous determination of hydroquinone and catechol in the presence of resorcinol with detection limit of 1.2 × 10−8 mol L−1 and 9.6 × 10−8 mol L−1, respectively. This Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007 /s11051-020-05059-3. R. Cesana : T. C. Canevari (*) Engineering School, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, SP 01302-907, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] J. M. Gonçalves : R. M. Ignácio : M. Nakamura : H. E. Toma Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil V. M. Zamarion Beit Yaacov school, São Paulo, SP 01139-002, Brazil
electrode also showed good electrocatalytic response for simultaneous determination of hydroquinone and catechol in real samples in the presence of other interferents.
Keywords Phenolic isomers . Reduced graphene oxide . Cdots . AuNPs . Nanocomposite . Electrocatalytic
Introduction Combination of nanomaterials exhibiting different nanostructures and specific physicochemical properties, as compared to the isolated nanomaterials, is increasingly attracting researchers’ attention. This combination is promoted by the intermolecular forces between the several components, giving rise to nanocomposites. In this work, we are focusing on Cdots, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), which are being combined in order to form a ternary nanocomposite aiming application as electrochemical sensors of the dihydroxybenzene isomers. Cdots, also known as carbon quantum dots, are the newest member of the carbon-based nanomaterial class and are attracting the attention of researchers in different areas because they have a 0D structure and sizes below 10 nm, exhibiting luminescence due of the quantum confinement effect. The luminescent properties of the Cdots vary according to size and type of functional group attached to the carbon core (Ding et al. 2016).
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The Cdots may be amorphou
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