Synthesis and Surface Modification of Small Pore Size Zeolite W for Improving Removal Efficiency of Anionic Contaminants
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Synthesis and Surface Modification of Small Pore Size Zeolite W for Improving Removal Efficiency of Anionic Contaminants from Water Youness Abdellaoui1 · Prócoro Gamero‑Melo2 · Lourdes Díaz‑Jiménez2 · Carmen Ponce‑Caballero1 · Germán Giácoman‑Vallejos1 Received: 14 April 2020 / Accepted: 27 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The presence of regulated inorganic contaminants in water such as A sO43− and P O43− anions, is becoming a relevant environmental research topic. The harm that these anions cause to human health and the ecosystem have been reported in several works. The adsorption processes using low-cost materials, such as zeolites, have proven to be an option to removal hazardous contaminants from water. The coal fly ash, a waste from thermoelectrical plants, offers a raw pollutant material to synthesis an effective adsorbent (Zeolite W). In this research was studied the removal of arsenic and phosphates anions from water, applying a functionalized by iron and zirconium Zeolite W, which was modified using a fast and efficient process through microwave-assisted method (1 min at 150°C). The obtained Zeolite W did not show significant changes in its structure and morphology. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qm expressed in mg g −1) was found to be 42.31 (Iron-zirconium-zeolite) and 27.82 (Iron-zeolite) for AsO43−, while it reached 50.89 for PO43− using Zirconium-zeolite. Results showed that functionalized zeolites are efficient adsorbents for hazardous anionic species; therefore, it could be useful for aqueous effluents remediation. Keywords Zeolite W · Arsenic · Phosphate · Adsorption · Emerging-contaminants removal
Introduction The presence of regulated inorganic contaminants, e.g., A sO 43− and P O 43− anions in water, as a result of the increased environmental contamination around the world, are harmful to human health and the ecosystem. Therefore, they require urgent remediation actions (Arcega-Cabrera et al. 2015; Misaelides 2011). The arsenic compound is a toxic and carcinogenic contaminant found in groundwater, in industrial wastewater and in leachate from sanitary landfills in various regions of Mexico and the world. In addition, phosphate anions can lead to several water quality problems, namely, eutrophication and harmful algal blooms * Germán Giácoman‑Vallejos [email protected] 1
Faculty of Engineering, Environmental Engineering Department, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Av. Industrias no contaminantes por anillo periférico norte, Apdo Postal 150, Mérida, Yucatán, México
Cinvestav Saltillo, Sustainability of Natural Resources and Energy, Ramos Arizpe, México
2
(Abdellaoui et al. 2020). Currently, the management of these pollutants must follow harder requirements, according to the Regulatory Standards of the Legislation, both in terms of wastewater discharge and drinking water. The World Health Organization (WHO) has established a concentration limit of 10 µg/L for arsenic elements, while the Environmental Protecti
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