Synthesis of Acetone and Acetaldehyde from Propane-Butane Mixture
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Synthesis of Acetone and Acetaldehyde from Propane-Butane Mixture Kusman. Dossumov, Svetlana. A. Tungatarova D.V.Sokolsky Institute of Organic Catalysis and Electrochemistry, Almaty, Kazakhstan e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Supported polyoxide catalysts on the base of Mo and W, as well as natural Kazakhstan’s clays were tested in the process of oxidative conversion of propane and propane-butane mixture. The influence of reaction temperature, contact time, composition and percentage of the active component of catalyst were determined. The important petrochemical products - acetone (500550оС) and acetaldehyde (300-350оС) were the main liquid products of reaction on natural Kazakhstan's clays and also on clays modified by Mo, Bi, Cr and Ga ions. KEYWORDS: Propane-butane, oxidation, clays. INTRODUCTION Partial oxidation of liquefied oil gas into ketones and aldehydes is important both in ecology and economy because 10 billion m3 of casing-head gas is burned every year in the world and harmful exhaust into atmosphere measured by thousands of tons. Combustion process by means of huge consumption of oxygen and heat emission promotes strengthening of hotbed effect. The cost of 1000 m3 of oil gas is about $30. More expensive product than raw substances is possible obtained from oil gas [1, 2]. The rapid development of the petrochemical industry in the last decade has raised acute problems of the optimal choice of feedstock and catalysts for relevant processes. According to forecasts for the near future, saturated C1-C4 hydrocarbons not only will retain but also will strengthen their position as a raw material for the production of unsaturated hydrocarbons. Therefore, the problem of searching for ways of their effective conversion into different oxygen-containing compounds is also urgent. Unlike methane and ethane, which yield less complex compounds, propane and butane are expected to give unsaturated hydrocarbons, aldehydes, acids, and alcohols. Only the optimal choice of catalysts can ensure targeted synthesis with the predominant formation of a desired compound selected from these products. Heterogeneous catalysts that are examined in the propane and butane oxidation reactions are represented by both individual [3, 4] and mixed oxides [5,6], as well as by catalysts supported on different carriers, including zeolites [7-9]. EXPERIMENTAL The experiments were carried out at atmospheric pressure, 300-600oC, W=300-15000 h-1 in a continuous-flow unit with a fixed-bed quartz-tube reactor. The gas mixture used for oxidation contained propane and oxygen in a 1:2 ratio, as well as C3H8-C4H10 mixture (14-80%) and oxygen (4-18%) in different ratios. An Agilent 6890N gas chromatograph equipped with an FID and TCD was employed for the on-line analysis of the products.
As catalysts, we used a) 1-10% Mo, Cr, Ga polyoxide catalysts with different composition and ratio supported on Torgai natural white clays (NWC) with kaolin structure and with admixture of hematite and α-quartz were dried at 120oC for 5 h and calcined at 300oC in air [1
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