Synthesis of Biodegradable Composite for Knee Cartilage Prosthesis Joint
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Synthesis of Biodegradable Composite for Knee Cartilage Prosthesis Joint J.C. Pérez-Reyes1, G. Carbajal-De la Torre1,*, M. A. Espinosa-Medina1, L. A. IbarraBracamontes1, M. Villagómez-Galindo1, E. Rubio-Rosas2. 1 Facultad de Ingeniería Mecánica, UMSNH, Morelia Mich., 58000, México. 2 Centro Universitario de Vinculación, BUAP. Puebla Pue., 72570, México. * Corresponding author: e-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis is a very complex illness of the joints that affects cartilage and subcondral bone. At the last years, researching has been focused in the development and characterization of composite materials, evaluating their structural properties. Some o those composite materials are constituted by organic and inorganic compounds forming hybrids. These materials can improve their properties due to the interaction of reinforcement hard particles in the polymeric matrix. The interest on the composite biomaterials has been increased on the biomedical applications such as tissue regenerating based in synthetic polymers with biodegradable and biocompatible properties whose can be reinforced by calcium phosphates. In this sense, hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2] is often used for biological implants due its mineral phase similitude with bone microstructure and tissue compatibility. Similarly, polylactic acid (PLA) is a used polymer for implant applications due physicochemical and biocompatibility properties, and short degradation time also. In order to obtain a composite that can be used as a regenerating material on the osteoarthritis problem, in this work a (90/10 wt.%) polylactic/hydroxyapatite hybrid composite was produced by chemical synthesis and characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM, FT-IR and TGA/DSC techniques. Keywords: Polymer, Powder, Composite, Differential Thermal Analysis, Microstructure.
INTRODUCTION Articulating cartilage is the principal biological element of human articulations as soft element for movement functioning and as charging mechanic support for quotidian activities. The cartilage has two principal functions; distributing articulate charges in a wide area and to permit relative movement of articulate opposite surfaces with minimum friction and wear [1]. However, those functions are affected by suffering and illnesses as the osteoarthritis. This illness is a very complex articulating disease that affects cartilage, subcondral bone and articulating structures as consequence [2]. In addition, this disease decrease the quality of life of the people causing physical problems and affecting the economy of both that also causing high cost for both individual and government due to the high costs of their treatment [3]. In this sense, biomaterials application has been considered as an interesting solution for those problems. Composite materials based in biodegradable and biocompatible synthetic polymers reinforced with calcium phosphates represent a higher potential for several tissue regeneration processes. The many applications of biomaterials have been manifested significantly due to
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