Synthesis of Graphene-CNT Hybrid Nanostructures
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Synthesis of Graphene-CNT Hybrid Nanostructures
Maziar Ghazinejad 1,2 , Shirui Guo 3, Rajat K. Paul 1 , Aaron S. George 4, Miroslav Penchev 2, Mihrimah Ozkan 2, and Cengiz S. Ozkan 1 ͳ
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ABSTRACT Using chemical vapor deposition technique, a novel 3D carbon nano-architecture called a pillared graphene nanostructure (PGN) is in situ synthesized. The fabricated novel carbon nanostructure consists of CNT pillars of variable length grown vertically from large-area graphene planes. The formation of CNTs and graphene occurs simultaneously in one CVD growth treatment. The detailed characterization of synthesized pillared graphene shows the cohesive structure and seamless contact between graphene and CNTs in the hybrid structure. The synthesized graphene-CNT hybrid has a tunable architecture and attractive material properties, as it is solely built from sp2 hybridized carbon atoms in form of graphene and CNT. Our methodology provides a pathway for fabricating novel 3D nanostructures which are envisioned for applications in hydrogen storage, nanoelectronics, and supercapacitors. INTRODUCTION Graphene, a single sheet of sp2-hybradized carbon atoms, has been attracting major attention due to its promising properties such as high charge carrier mobility, unique band structure, mechanical robustness, high thermal transport, and chemical stability [1-5]. As a result, there has been a considerable amount of theoretical and experimental research towards potential applications of graphene nanostructures in field-effect transistors, actuators, solar cells, batteries, and sensors [6-8]. Carbon nanotubes (CNT), On the other hand, have been extensively investigated over the last two decades for their exceptional electronic, optical, mechanical and chemical properties [9]. They also possess several unique features such as the ability to carry large current densities and fast electron-transfer kinetics when used as electrodes for electrochemical sensing applications. Furthermore, CNT based electrodes provide reduced reaction potential and minimum surface fouling effects and therefore offers superior performance when employed in applications for electrochemical sensing, energy storage, and photovoltaics. It appears that for a realistic utilization of graphene and CNTs in many of the abovementioned applications there is a need for graphene layers to have engineered architectures with sp2-hybridized carbon atoms as building blocks. Such conceived graphene-CNT hybrid structures will combine attractive material properties of both CNTs and graphene with the capability to develop a variety of geometries. This versatility makes sp2 hybrid carbon materials
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ideal candidates for a
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