Take into account the transfer phenomena and mechanical compression studding an electrochemical system
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FEATURE ARTICLE
Take into account the transfer phenomena and mechanical compression studding an electrochemical system S. Martemianov 1 Received: 26 May 2020 / Revised: 26 May 2020 / Accepted: 27 May 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Quite often, progress in electrochemistry is associated with implementation of new materials. The importance of this research is undeniable and sometimes hides a detailed understanding of the transfer processes in an electrochemical system. The study of heat and mass transfer processes is considered as an auxiliary task; such a restricted view limits understanding and practical using of electrochemical phenomena. Indeed, the final goal of electrochemistry is related with electrical charge transfer processes. For ionic systems, charge transfer is intimately linked with ion transport and electrochemical reactions come into play only at the interface to ensure non-discontinuity of electric current. The development of increasingly promising materials allows accelerating the rate of electrochemical reactions, and for highefficient electrode reactions, the ultimate stage of electrochemical process is transfer phenomena. What are the future tasks related with understanding of transfer phenomena? Studying liquid electrolytes, this is undoubtedly the problem of turbulent mass transfer. Usually this phenomenon is treated empirically. Nevertheless, rigorous statistical approaches have been developed as well [1, 2] allowing prediction of the turbulent mass flux and statistical characteristics of turbulent current fluctuations without any semi-empirical hypothesis. Implementation of this approach and experi-
* S. Martemianov [email protected] 1
Institut Pprime UPR CNRS 3346, University of Poitiers and ISAE-ENSMA, Poitiers, France
mental verifications, in particular using electrochemical flow diagnostics, is still an open question (see [3]). Regarding transfer phenomena in solid electrolytes, in particular, in relation with electrochemical sources of energy, we see a real lack of theoretical understanding and available experimental approaches especially allowing non-destructive monitoring of running electrochemical systems. One of the promising ways is related with electrochemical noise measurements [4, 5]. Recording natural fluctuations of voltage with sufficiently high data acquisition frequency (about some kHz), it is possible to generate different statistical descriptors. These descriptors can be used in the same way as data of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the advantage is non-perturbative character of measurements and low-cost instrumentation. Sure, it is not simple to develop a theoretical approach supporting noise measurements. Some ways in this direction are related with turbulent noise measurements [6] but the problem is still open. The main difficulty is related with correct theoretical description of electrochemical systems. Existing theories describe some particular phenomena and are not still able to give complete ex
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