Teaching middle ear anatomy using a novel three-dimensional papercraft model
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OTOLOGY
Teaching middle ear anatomy using a novel three‑dimensional papercraft model John Guy1 · Jameel Muzaffar2 · Christopher Coulson2 Received: 30 June 2020 / Accepted: 31 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Background The middle ear is a complex anatomical space which is difficult to interpret from two-dimensional imagery. Appropriate surgical knowledge of the area is required to operate, yet current anatomical teaching methods are costly and hard to access for the trainee. Methods A papercraft 3D design involving anatomical elements added separately to a model was designed, and then peervalidated by medical students and junior doctors. Preliminary quantitative assessment was performed using an anatomical labelling questionnaire, with six students given a lecture to act as a control. Qualitative feedback was also gathered. Results 18 participants were recruited for the study. A total of 12 models were constructed by 6 medical students and 6 junior doctors. 6 medical students received a lecture only. Qualitative feedback was positive and suggested the model improved knowledge and was useful, yet timing and complexity were issues. Students scored, on average, 37% higher after completing the model, with junior doctors also improving anatomical knowledge, though these differences were not significant (p > 0.05). Conclusions In this initial investigation, the model was shown to be an engaging way to learn anatomy, with the tactile and active nature of the process cited as benefits. Construction of the model improved anatomical knowledge to a greater extent than a classical lecture in this study, though this difference was not significant. Further design iterations are required to improve practical utility in the teaching environment, as well as a larger study. Keywords Medical education · Anatomy · Middle ear · Paper model
Introduction The anatomy of the middle ear is intricate and conceptually complex. To operate safely, the surgeon must have adequate spatial cognition of the middle ear in three dimensions, Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-020-06350-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * John Guy [email protected]; [email protected] Jameel Muzaffar [email protected] Christopher Coulson [email protected] 1
Medical School, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2SG, UK
Department of Otolaryngology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
2
together with knowledge of the delicate anatomy passing through or near this space. This mental model consisting of the morphology and interrelationships of anatomical structures must be conceptually adapted to accommodate different patient head angles, different approach methods, and the change in fields of view as the observer’s position is rotated around the patient’s head during surgery [1, 2]. In addition to this, related anatomy i
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