Technologies to assist in the energy transition to the next century
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MRS Energy & Sustainability: A Review Journal page 1 of 10 doi:10.1557/mre.2020.23
REVIEW Technologies to assist in the energy transition to the next century
Volodymyr Krasnoholovets, Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 46 Nauky St., Kyiv 03028, Ukraine Viktor Zabairachnyi, Scientific and Production Institute of Modernization and Development, Ltd., 22 Esplanadna St., 678, Kyiv 01023, Ukraine Address all correspondence to Volodymyr Krasnoholovets at [email protected]. ua (Received 21 March 2020; accepted 7 July 2020)
ABSTRACT Energy recovery from waste treatment and growing biomass is of great significance for the energy management and sustainable energy supply. It is shown that biomass and various wastes containing carbon are able to significantly contribute to the energy sector. We describe a possible scenario for the energy development of an European country of the future. In addition to solar, wind, and hydrogen energy, priority should also be given to generating energy using small-sized gasifiers. First, it is sustainable energy since biomass and household waste are always available. Second, this approach will allow us to launch local electric power grids instead of the unified state and interstate grids, which will reduce up to three times the consumption of energy raw materials and financial resources. Third, a new design of electric motors, namely torus motors, will allow one almost halve electricity consumption and open a gateway to new technologies. Keywords: energy generation; environment; waste management
Introduction How can we imagine a healthy developed country of this and next century? Obviously, at the heart of its rational economy should also be the smart energy, which must be friendly to nature and, of course, fossil fuels should be replaced by surface biomass, which will keep the atmosphere in balance with the life on the surface of the globe. Evidently, in the future solar power will have a significant component. But its important problem is batteries – their production and disposal are quite expensive and polluting. The solution must be sought in new approaches to energy conservation. Wind power can significantly increase capacity, which can be done by pre-accumulating wind energy in the energy of compressed air. New approaches to energy
DISCUSSION POINTS • The renewable energy sources based on growing biomass and any wastes containing carbon are able to substitute the total electric power grid for a series of local electric power grids along the whole country, which will make it possible to reduce the consumption of energy raw materials about three times. Marine wave power plants are able to provide countries with a lot of energy at the cost of electric power about $0.01.
generation, storage, and transmission require rethinking and further development.
Disadvantages of modern power plants If the power plant produces 100% of the electric power, and 10% is consumed (at night from 23:00 to 7:00 h), then where does the rest of the energy go? Of course, it should go to the g
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