Testing the Psychometric Properties of the Newly Developed ACTive Values Wheel
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Testing the Psychometric Properties of the Newly Developed ACTive Values Wheel Martin O’Connor 1 & Alison Stapleton 1 & Kate Barrett 1 & Oisin Byrne 1 & Niall McGinley 1 & Nina Slingerland 1 & Nicole Lee 1 & Sarah Michalek 1 & Louise Anita McHugh 1 Accepted: 11 November 2020 # Association for Behavior Analysis International 2020
Abstract Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) emphasizes values and behavioral commitments to help individuals achieve goals and manage emotions. This study evaluated the preliminary psychometric properties of the ACTive Values Wheel, a smartphone application-based psychometric instrument. ACTive provides a weighted and idiographic index of individuals’ self-reported values-directed behavior. One hundred sixty adults participated on an individual basis to complete the ACTive Values Wheel and questionnaire measures of well-being, psychological distress, psychological flexibility, and valued living to assess the convergent, incremental, discriminant, and criterion-related validity of the ACTive Values Wheel. The ACTive Values Wheel showed evidence of convergent and criterion-related validity through significant positive correlations with existing measures of valued living, emotional well-being, and openness to experience, respectively. Likewise, discriminant validity was evidenced by a nonsignificant correlation with age. However, evidence of incremental validity over and above existing measures of valued living was not found. These findings provide preliminary support for the psychometric properties of the ACTive Values Wheel. Accounting for the methodological limitations of the study, the ACTive Values Wheel shows potential as an accessible and interactive measure of self-reported values-directed behavior that could be extended to other languages and cultural contexts. Keywords Values . Measurement . Acceptance and commitment therapy . Values Wheel . Mobile app . Committed action
Introduction Although valued living has been a target of psychotherapy for decades (Kirschenbaum, 2013), it has gained particular attention as a key outcome of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT; Hayes, Strosahl, & Wilson, 2012). ACT is a contextual cognitive behavior therapy in which mindfulness processes are promoted to undermine the repertoire-narrowing effects of aversive control whereas broad, flexible, and effective behavioral repertoires under appetitive control are built through successively larger patterns of values-committed actions. Within ACT, values are defined as verbally constructed consequences of ongoing and dynamic behavior patterns that are free from aversive control and establish predominant reinforcers for that behavior—reinforcers that are intrinsic in
* Louise Anita McHugh [email protected] 1
School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Newman Building, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
engagement in the valued behavior pattern itself (Wilson & DuFrene, 2009). ACT posits that meaning, purpose, and vitality are cultivated by clarifying or constructing valued life
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