The Applications of Feature-Based Image Metamorphosis and Eyelashes Removal in the Investigations of Ocular Thermographi
Ocular surface temperature relates deeply with ocular physiology. It is nowadays looked into mainly by the use of infrared thermography, and occasionally functional infrared imaging. In this study, we recorded ocular thermographic sequences of 60 normal s
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The Applications of Feature-Based Image Metamorphosis and Eyelashes Removal in the Investigations of Ocular Thermographic Sequences Jen Hong Tan, E.Y.K. Ng, Rajendra Acharya U, and Jasjit S. Suri Abstract Ocular surface temperature relates deeply with ocular physiology. It is nowadays looked into mainly by the use of infrared thermography, and occasionally functional infrared imaging. In this study, we recorded ocular thermographic sequences of 60 normal subjects; 30 of them were young and the rest were the elderly. Ocular region in the thermographic sequences was warped to a standardized form, and the eyelashes in each thermographic image were identified and avoided for further analysis. Average horizontal, vertical temperature profiles were unambiguously defined in the warped thermographic sequences. They were extracted, and comparisons were made between the young and the elderly. It was found that the elder subjects exhibited a cooler temperature profile, but their temperature differences between corneal center and limbus were generally higher.
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Introduction
Infrared (IR) thermography is a noninvasive temperature measurement technique capable of real-time capturing and displaying temperature distribution over some surfaces. Nowadays its relevant applications can be found in the field of thermofluid dynamics [1], agriculture [2], environmental monitoring [3], and polygraph testing [4]. In medical field, researches have been conducted with this technology to manage neuropathic pain [5, 6], to diagnose impotence [7], breast cancer [8, 9], and thyroid gland disease [10]. For ophthalmology, this method was employed to record ocular surface temperature (OST), either as a single image or a sequence, for the study of ocular physiology and pathology [11].
U.R. Acharya (*) School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50, Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore e-mail: [email protected]
A. El-Baz et al. (eds.), Multi Modality State-of-the-Art Medical Image Segmentation and Registration Methodologies, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-8204-9_12, # Springer ScienceþBusiness Media, LLC 2011
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Ocular surface temperature deeply relates to many other physiologies and research. The lower corneal surface temperature in comparison to body temperature drives the fluid flow in anterior chamber [12], and is part of the factors in the determination of tear film thinning [13]. The meibomian lipid that forms the lipid layer, and sits on the ocular surface, is temperature-dependent on its fluidity [14]. Ocular models built for finite element analysis were examined and refined according to reported corneal surface temperature [15]. More importantly, under a number of circumstances, a warmer ocular surface temperature is often a manifestation of sick eye [11]. Long before thermography was available to the medical field, corneal temperature was primarily looked into by using invasive measuring techniques, such as needle probe. These methods had a number of disadvanta
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