The ASIP Design Space
ASIPs represent a growing trend of application oriented processor specialization for computationally intensive embedded applications. The first micro-processors – Intel 4004, TI TMS 1000 and Central Air Data Computer (CADC) – designed way back in the earl
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Kingshuk Karuri
Rainer Leupers
Application Analysis Tools for ASIP Design Application Profiling and Instruction-set Customization
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Kingshuk Karuri Chipvision Design Systems Kanalstr 1H 26135 Oldenburg Germany
Rainer Leupers Software for Systems on Silicon RWTH Aachen University Templergraben 55 52056 Aachen Germany
ISBN 978-1-4419-8254-4 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-8255-1 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-8255-1 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011930668 c Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
To my mother, Dr. Ashoka Karuri, who has always been, and will always be, an inspiration to me.
Foreword
If there is one consumer device that has seen the most rapid evolution in the past few years, it is the SmartPhone. There is a significant battle in the market place between the different ecosystems, mainly aggregating around the operating systems that are aiming to deliver the richest and most attractive user experience to the consumer. At a surface level it appears that there are thousands of software developers that can develop applications on top of the operating system they are targeting and execute them on the main application processor in the SmartPhone. However these are not the only applications that need to run on the SmartPhone. There are many underlying applications, or lets better call them algorithms, that have very demanding performance and power consumption targets, yet need to be flexible. Here is where the custom processor comes into play for the implementation of algorithms that will have certain variability but are covering a narrow enough design space, that a specific processor can be the best implementation choice. Many companies that developed custom processors had some kind of internal design automation in place. Over the last 10 years the initial research for the automated design of such processors has moved from research (example: LISA) into commercially available products. The areas of instruction-set simulation, compiler generation and RTL generation from high level models, such as a LISA model, is a generally solved problem and is now commercially applied to a wide range of different processor architectures. Today, design teams ar
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