The Biosecurity Continuum and Trade: Border Operations

With the development of modern transport systems, we see a rapid increase in the movement of plants and plant products around the globe. This increase in trade and travel has brought many benefits but there has been a corresponding expansion in the spread

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The Handbook of Plant Biosecurity Principles and Practices for the Identification, Containment and Control of Organisms that Threaten Agriculture and the Environment Globally

The Handbook of Plant Biosecurity

During 1893, European Gypsy Moth inspectors search for egg masses on an enormous elm tree at the Dexter mansion in Malden, Massachusetts. About 25 years earlier, EGM was purposefully introduced into the USA, escaped culture and continues to be a calamitous forest pest (Forbush and Fernald 1896. The Gypsy Moth. A report of the work of destroying the insect in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, together with an account of its history and habits both in Massachusetts and Europe, PLATE XXXVI: Men at work on the Dexter elm, Malden. From a photograph. Porthetria dispar (Linn.). Wright & Potter Printing, Boston, 495 pp). Photo courtesy of David Lance, Plant Protection and Quarantine. APHIS USDA)

Gordon Gordh • Simon McKirdy Editors

The Handbook of Plant Biosecurity Principles and Practices for the Identification, Containment and Control of Organisms that Threaten Agriculture and the Environment Globally

Editors Gordon Gordh Plant Protection and Quarantine USDA-APHIS Raleigh, NC, USA

Simon McKirdy Chevron Australia Pty Ltd Perth, WA, Australia Adjunct Professor School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch, WA, Australia

ISBN 978-94-007-7364-6 ISBN 978-94-007-7365-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-7365-3 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London Library of Congress Control Number: 2013954539 Chapters 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 19, 22: © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht (outside the USA) 2014 Chapter 14: © Crown 2014 Chapter 20: © CSIRO 2014 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt