The complete chloroplast genomic landscape and phylogenetic analyses of Populus alba L.
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ORIGINAL PAPER
The complete chloroplast genomic landscape and phylogenetic analyses of Populus alba L. Zhe Hou1 • Zhaoshan Wang1,2 • Jianguo Zhang1,2
Received: 4 July 2018 / Accepted: 2 August 2018 Ó Northeast Forestry University 2019
Abstract Populus alba is a foundation species in evolutionary and ecological studies in the northern hemisphere. In this study, the chloroplast genome and gene map of P. alba were constructed. The P. alba chloroplast genome is 156,505 bp in length comprising a large single-copy region, two inverted repeat regions and a small single-copy region. The genome contains 131 genes, including 86 protein-coding genes (77 PCG species), eight ribosomal RNA genes (four rRNA species) and 37 transfer RNA genes (30 tRNA species). Phylogenetic analysis indicates that all Populus chloroplast genome sequences are clustered together and divided into three large branches. Among reported Populus chloroplast genomes, the leuce section formed monophyletic, indicating that all Populus spp. have a common maternal ancestor. P. rotundifolia and P. tremula are closely related and are sisters to P.
Project funding: The work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds of the Chinese Academy of Forestry (No. CAFYBB2017ZX001-1) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31470665). The online version is available at http://www.springerlink.com Corresponding editor: Tao Xu. & Jianguo Zhang [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Silviculture of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, People’s Republic of China
2
Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable, Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People’s Republic of China
davidiana. P. alba is closely related to P. adenopoda. Population genetic research in ecology and evolution may be easily developed through chloroplast genomes as they are conserved. This research will benefit future studies related to Populus, one of the world’s most ecologically and economically important genera. Keywords Chloroplast genome Populus alba Genomic landscape Phylogenetic analysis
Introduction Populus alba L., white poplar, is a key foundation species in northern hemisphere forest communities and widely distributed in mainland China and northeastern Asia. Natural populations grow on slopes, ridges, and in gullies, often forming small patches of pure or mixed stands with other tree species. It is characterized by rapid growth, high tolerance to environmental stresses and wind dispersal of pollen and seed. Additionally, the species has amongst the highest level of intraspecific genetic diversity of plant species reported to date. The species readily crosses and artificial hybrids show high heterosis, the tendency of a crossbred species to show qualities superior to those of both parents. As a pioneer species, P. alba plays an important part in economic, ecological and evolutionary biology. Du et al.
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