The complete chloroplast genome of Caryopteris mongholica and phylogenetic implications in Lamiaceae
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TECHNICAL NOTE
The complete chloroplast genome of Caryopteris mongholica and phylogenetic implications in Lamiaceae Luxian Liu1 · Chuying Zhang1 · Yuewen Wang1 · Meifang Dong1 · Fude Shang1 · Pan Li2
Received: 15 June 2017 / Accepted: 22 June 2017 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2017
Abstract Caryopteris mongholica, which belongs to the mint subfamily Ajugoideae (Lamiaceae), has high ornamental and medicinal value. Previously published phylogenetic studies strongly support the monophyly of Lamiaceae, but some major relationships within the family still remain unclear. In this study, we report the chloroplast (cp) genome of C. mongholica and take advantage of several previously reported cp genomes from related taxa to infer phylogeny in Lamiaceae. The cp genome of C. mongholica is 151,707 bp in length, comprising a pair of inverted repeat regions (25,634 bp) separated by a large single-copy region (83,203 bp) and a small single-copy region (17,236 bp). The genome encodes 114 unique genes consisting of 80 different protein-coding genes, 30 transfer RNA and four ribosomal RNA genes, with 19 duplicated genes in the inverted repeats. The phylogeny reconstruction based on the complete genome sequences of 20 mint species strongly supports the placement of Ajugoideae as sister to (Lamioideae + Scutellarioideae), as well as the sister relationship between Premnoideae and Tectona. Luxian Liu and Chuying Zhang have contributed equally to this work. * Fude Shang [email protected] * Pan Li [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, Laboratory of Plant Germplasm and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
2
Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, and Laboratory of Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Keywords Caryopteris mongholica · Chloroplast genome · Phylogeny inference Caryopteris mongholica Bunge is a deciduous shrub widely distributed in Mongolia and North China (Gansu, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi provinces etc.; Wu et al. 1995). It was formerly placed in Verbenaceae, but has been currently assigned to Lamiaceae (APG 2009, 2016), within the mint subfamily Ajugoideae (Li et al. 2016). Although the monophyly of Lamiaceae has been robustly supported by many molecular phylogenetic studies (Wagstaff et al. 1998; Schäferhoff et al. 2010; Li et al. 2016), the phylogenetic position of several subfamilies (such as Ajugoideae, Premnoideae and Nepetoideae) remains uncertain (Li et al. 2016). For these reasons, a more complete understand of the placement of Caryopteris within Lamiaceae is warranted. In addition, C. mongholica has high ornamental value because of its fragrant foliage and violet-blue flowers (Miller 2007). Its aerial parts are also a traditional herbal medicine to treat edema, aches and rheumatism (Batkhuu et al. 2005). In China, C. mongholica is now considered as an endangere
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