The Curious Life of Krill A Conservation Story from the Bottom of th
Krill-it’s a familiar word that conjures oceans, whales, and swimming crustaceans. Scientists say they are one of most abundant animals on the planet. But when pressed, few people can accurately describe krill or explain their ecological importance. Antar
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A Conservation Story from the Bottom of the World _______________
STEPHEN NICOL
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The Curious Life of Krill
The Curious Life of Krill
A Conservation Story from the Bottom of the World Stephen Nicol
Foreword by Marc Mangel
Washington | Covelo | London
Copyright © 2018 Stephen Nicol All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher: Island Press, 2000 M Street, Suite 650, Washington, DC 20036 Island Press is a trademark of The Center for Resource Economics. Library of Congress Control Number: 2017961065
All Island Press books are printed on environmentally responsible materials. Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Keywords: Island Press, krill, crustacean, Antarctic, Southern Ocean, CCAMLR, euphausiid, sea ice, swarm, schooling, krill fishery, A-frame, Association of Responsible Krill Fishing Industries (ARK), Antarctic Treaty System (ATS), Biomass, Biological Investigations of Marine Systems and Stocks (BIOMASS), Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (CCAS), cod end, Discovery Investigations, echosounder, fast ice, formalin, genome, gills, International Geophysical Year (IGY), International Whaling Commission (IWC), Marine Stewardship Council (MSC), metazoan, Marine Protected Area (MPA), pack ice, pelagic, phytoplankton, polynya, Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), thermocline, zooplankton
Contents
Foreword Preface
ix
xiii
Chapter 1: Oceans of Krill 1 Chapter 2: Going with the Floes
Chapter 3: Labors of Love
Chapter 4: Bringing Krill to Life Chapter 5: Antarctic Fast Food
17
41
65 85
Chapter 6: Eating Krill
103
Chapter 8: Krill Futures
155
Chapter 7: Conventional Approaches
Acknowledgments
127
175
Glossary
177
About the Author
185
Further Reading
Index
183
187
Foreword
You are holding a remarkable book in your hands. One reason is the particular organism it discusses, the Antarctic krill—Euphausia superba. It is named “superb” for good reasons, some of which I mention here and all of which are discussed in the book. You will also learn the scientific history of Steve Nicol, one of the leading krill scientists of our time, and about the history of the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR), the first organization to adopt an explicitly ecosystembased approach to fisheries management. Clearly this book is about a specific place (the Southern Ocean), but it is as much an adventure of ideas as it is bound to location. Here’s a little bit about krill, Steve Nicol, and CCAMLR. Krill are crustaceans related to shrimp and
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