The density and surface tension of dilute liquid Na-In alloys and comparison with liquid Na-Cd alloys
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c o n v e n i e n t l y be m a d e b e t w e e n r u n s s o that l a r g e r a n g e s of c o n c e n t r a t i o n can be c o v e r e d using the s a m e b a s i c m e l t and a l s o that the s u r f a c e t e n s i o n s of the a l l o y s can be d e t e r m i n e d s i m u l t a n e o u s l y . Since the wetting b e h a v i o r of an a l l o y is g o v e r n e d by i t s s u r f a c e t e n s i o n , this p a r a m e t e r is of i n t e r e s t in the f i e l d of n u c l e a r technology w h e r e the c o o l a n t s for the next g e n e r a t i o n of r e a c t o r s a r e l i k e l y to be liquid a l k a l i m e t a l a l l o y s . T h i s p a p e r d e s c r i b e s the m e a s u r e m e n t of the d e n s i t y and s u r f a c e t e n s i o n of d i l u t e liquid N a - l n a l l o y s and c o m p a r e s the r e s u l t s with t h o s e f o r N a - C d a l l o y s which have been s u m m a r i z e d in a p r e v i o u s p u b l i c a t i o n . 3 EXPERIMENTAL The a p p a r a t u s u s e d for d e n s i t y and s u r f a c e t e n s i o n m e a s u r e m e n t s by the m a x i m u m bubble p r e s s u r e t e c h nique, which w a s d e s i g n e d l a r g e l y by D r . J . R. W e e k s a t B r o o k h a v e n N a t i o n a l L a b o r a t o r y , i s shown s c h e m a t i c a l l y in F i g . 1. Sodium was s u p p l i e d by M.S.A. R e s e a r c h in a 10 lb. d r u m F containing an i n t e r n a l z i r c o n i u m hot t r a p and w a s s p e c i f i e d 99.9(8) p c t p u r e , the p r i n c i p a l i m p u r i t i e s being the o t h e r a l k a l i m e t a l s . T h e s o d i u m was f o r c e d d i r e c t l y into the d e n s i t y v e s s e l D, a f t e r the i n i t i a l m e t a l to p a s s through the c o n n e c t ing tube had b e e n d i s c a r d e d into a d i s p o s a b l e tank E . The bubble tube H was e l e c t r i c a l l y i n s u l a t e d f r o m the s o d i u m v e s s e l and w a s u s e d to m e a s u r e the l e v e l of the liquid s u r f a c e and hence to d e t e r m i n e the v o l u m e of s o d i u m t r a n s f e r r e d to the a p p a r a t u s . The v e r t i c a l p o s i t i o n of the bubble tube w a s m e a s u r e d by a d i a l gage K a t t a c h e d to the top of the tube by a n i c h r o m e w i r e p a s s i n g o v e r two p u l l e y s J . A l l the c o m p o n e n t s which w e r e in c o n t a c t with the s o d i u m a l l o y , including the bubble t u b e , w e r e m a d e of type 347 s t a i n l e s s s t e e l . The bubble tube d i a m e t e r r e d u c e d to 1.6 m m ID and 2.2 m m OD a t i t s tip which w a s f i n e - p o l i s h e d f l a t . The tube was k e p t i m m e r s e d in in the a l l o y a t a l l t i m e s to e n s u r e that the tip r e m a i n e d c o m p l e t e l y w e t t e d . The t e m p e r a t u r e of the liquid a l l o y VOLUME 3, NOVEMBER 1972-2917
f a c e t e n s i o n , and g i s the g r a v i t a t i o n a l c o n s t a n t . P i a l s o = pH20 . g hi, w h e r e h/ i s the c o r r e s p o n d i n g height of the w a t e
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