The Effect of Co-Culture on Production of Blue Pigment by Streptomyces coelicolor M145 with Bacillus subtilis as Auxilia
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of co-culture on production of blue pigment by Streptomyces coelicolor M145 with Bacillus subtilis as auxiliary. Preliminarily B. subtilis was found to have positive effect to increase the blue pigment. Th
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The Effect of Co-Culture on Production of Blue Pigment by Streptomyces coelicolor M145 with Bacillus subtilis as Auxiliary Fengyun Sun, Shuxin Zhao, Shichao Wang and Peng Chen
Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effect of co-culture on production of blue pigment by Streptomyces coelicolor M145 with Bacillus subtilis as auxiliary. Preliminarily B. subtilis was found to have positive effect to increase the blue pigment. Then two B. subtilis (AS1.398 and WB600) were used to evaluate the amount and time of inoculation. The results demonstrated when 1 % of the B. subtilis AS1.398 or WB600 that the concentration was about 1 9 1010 cells/mL was added after 48 h’ fermentation of the S. coelicolor, the yield of blue pigment can increase about 30–40 % than single culture. Further, research was going on to try to find the substances that stimulate blue pigment. It could be approximately proved that these substances should be in cells of B. subtilis, and might be heat stable due to a similar result between live and heatkilled cells. Keywords Bacillus subtilis coelicolor
Blue pigment
Co-culture
Streptomyces
44.1 Introduction As one of the three essential colors, the blue pigments play an indispensable role in our daily life. Generally, blue pigments are divided into two certain kinds, natural and synthetic pigments. Although the synthetic pigments are mainly used as colorants in food or cosmetic industry, it is found that the synthetic colors are hardly nutrients, and some of them are toxic [1–3] to some extent. So the natural pigments, safer than synthetic ones, are being increasingly emphasized. Natural blue F. Sun S. Zhao (&) S. Wang P. Chen College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]
T.-C. Zhang et al. (eds.), Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Applied Biotechnology (ICAB 2012), Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 249, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-37916-1_44, Ó Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014
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pigments are mainly derived from plants, which often have restricted habitats. And many researchers have devoted themselves to the new ways to produce natural blue pigments such as microbial fermentation [4, 5]. Streptomyces coelicolor, a Gram-positive bacterium, basically lives in the soil. In laboratory research, the common practice is to use single culture [6, 7]. However, in nature microorganisms are consisted of complex mixtures of different species [8–10]. And these species may interact with each other which result in the production of some important bioactive compounds [11, 12]. In this study, S. coelicolor M145 was cultivated with B. subtilis AS1.398 or WB600 to evaluate the increase in blue pigment production. The related property of substances that stimulated blue pigment was also studied preliminarily [13].
44.2 Materials and Methods 44.2.1 Microorganisms and Media Composition Streptomyces coelicolor M145 was grown in the liquid medium with th
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