The effect of individualized, theory-based counselling intervention on active aging and quality of life among older peop
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
The effect of individualized, theory‑based counselling intervention on active aging and quality of life among older people (the AGNES intervention study) Taina Rantanen1 · Mary Hassandra1 · Katja Pynnönen1 · Sini Siltanen1 · Katja Kokko1 · Laura Karavirta1 · Markku Kauppinen1 · Sarianna Sipilä1 · Milla Saajanaho1 · Erja Portegijs1 Received: 10 January 2020 / Accepted: 12 March 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Background We define active aging as a striving for activities as per one’s goals, capacities and opportunities. Aim To test the 1-year counselling intervention effects on active aging. Methods In this two-arm single-blinded randomized controlled trial, the intervention group received individually tailored counselling supporting autonomous motivation for active life (one face-to-face session, four phone calls and supportive written material, n = 101) and the control group written health information (n = 103). Participants were community-dwelling men and women aged 75 or 80 years with intermediate mobility function and without cognitive impairment. The primary outcome was active aging total score measured with the University of Jyväskylä Active Aging Scale (UJACAS, range 0–272, higher values indicate more activity) and secondary outcomes were its subscores for goals, ability, opportunity and activity (range 0–68) and a quality of life (QoL) score. Measures took place at pre-trial, mid-trial (6 months) and post-trial (12 months), except for QoL only pre and post-trial. Data were analyzed with intention-to-treat principles using GEE-models. Results The UJACAS total score increased in the intervention group slightly more than in the control group (group by time p-value = 0.050, effect size 0.011, net benefit 2%), but the group effect was not statistically significant. A small effect was observed for the activity subscore (p = 0.007). Discussion The individualized counselling supporting autonomous motivation for active life increased the UJACAS score slightly. Conclusions It may be possible to promote active aging with individualized counselling, but the effect is small and it is unclear whether the change is meaningful. Keywords Behavior change · Aging · Quality of life · Mobility · Randomized controlled trial
Introduction Activity refers to doing things and relates to all essential fields of human life. Many older people state that avoiding passiveness and sustaining activeness underpins positive life experience [1, 2]. With increasing age, however, people may give up important activities e.g. due to declining functional capacity [3, 4], which may concur with lower quality of life [4]. * Taina Rantanen [email protected] 1
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Gerontology Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
Defining and assessing an active approach to life during aging has mostly concerned physical activity and paid or unpaid work [5]. However, adopting a broader view on activity by emphasizing participation in any meaningful activities based on indi
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