The effect of morphology-dependent surface charges of iron oxide on the visible light photocatalytic degradation of meth
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The effect of morphology-dependent surface charges of iron oxide on the visible light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye Manjula R. Shenoy1, Sakunthala Ayyasamy1,* , Mogalahalli VenkateshReddy Venkatashamy Reddy2,3, Govindan Kadarkarai4, Suryakanth J5, Saravanakumar Tamilarasan6, Selvaraju Thangavelu7, and Arout Chelvane Jeyaramane8 1
Solid State Ionics Lab, Department of Physics, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 114, India 2 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 11754, Singapore 3 Centre of Excellence in Transportation Electrification and Energy Storage (CETEES), Hydro-Québec, Lionel-Boulet blvd 1806, Varennes, QC J3X 1S1, Canada 4 SWAT Lab, Graduate School of Water Resources, Sungkyunkwan University, Natural Science Campus, Gyeonggi-Do 16419, Republic of Korea 5 Department of Physics, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641407, India 6 Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Anna University, Regional Campus, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046, India 7 Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641046, India 8 Advanced Magnetics Group, Defence Metallurgical Research Laboratory, Hyderabad 500 058, India
Received: 2 March 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 23 August 2020
The iron oxide powder was prepared using the surfactant Pluronic P123 with either iron nitrate (N series) or iron chloride (C series) as the raw material for iron source, under different pH conditions. The crystal phase, particle size, surface charge, and morphology of the iron oxide materials prepared by hydrothermal route were found to be highly influenced by the raw materials, and pH conditions of the preparation medium. Irrespective of iron source used, the formation of nanorods was favorable in the case of the basic medium. The iron oxide nanorods (NPBC) with high negative surface charges (- 20.8 mV) outperformed the other iron oxide samples having different morphologies like hexagonal (- 13.8 mV), oval (- 13.4 mV), and agglomerated nanoparticles (? 12 mV) in the methylene blue degradation with * 86% of degradation observed for a very low catalyst loading of 10 mg. A methylene blue degradation of 69, 59, and 39% were observed for hexagonal, oval, and agglomerated nanoparticles, respectively, for the similar amount of catalytic loading. The sample NPBC exhibits a degradation rate constant value of 3.27 9 10–4 s-1 which was 2.9 times higher than the agglomerated nanoparticles with a rate constant value of 1.14 9 10–4 s-1 and the reasons are discussed.
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04325-3
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
1 Introduction The wide use of azo dyes in textile industry, cosmetic production, and in paper printing industries results in the discharge of these untreated dyes into various streams of nearest water bodies. This causes
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