The Effect of Ni-Doped ZnO NPs on the Antibacterial Activity and Degradation Rate of Polyacrylic Acid-Modified Starch Na
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04490-0 Ó 2020 The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society
ZINC OXIDE NANOTECHNOLOGY
The Effect of Ni-Doped ZnO NPs on the Antibacterial Activity and Degradation Rate of Polyacrylic Acid-Modified Starch Nanocomposite SHAHID IQBAL ,1,8 SOHAIL NADEEM,2 ALI BAHADUR,3,9 MOHSIN JAVED,2,10 ZAHOOR AHMAD,4 MIRZA NADEEM AHMAD,5 MUHAMMAD SHOAIB,6 GUOCONG LIU,1 AYESHA MOHYUDDIN,2 and MUHAMMAD RAHEEL7 1.—School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Huizhou University, Huizhou 516007, Guangdong, China. 2.—Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan. 3.—Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 16229, South Korea. 4.—Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan. 5.—Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan. 6.—Department of Chemistry, Government Postgraduate College Samanabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan. 7.—Department of Chemistry, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Pakistan. 8.—e-mail: [email protected]. 9.—e-mail: [email protected]. 10.—e-mail: [email protected]
Acrylic acid-modified starch has been achieved by grafting the starch with an acrylic acid homopolymer by using the biodegradable nonionic surfactant Lutensol-XL-100 (decaoxyethyele n-decyl ether) and ammonium persulfate as a free radical originator. After obtaining the optimized starch-based plastic thin film, a nanocomposite (NC) was created by incorporating nickel-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO@Ni NPs), which served as the control for the degradation rate of the composite plastic. The NC was characterized using FTIR, TGA, DSC, and SEM. The ZnO@Ni NPs induced an antibacterial property in the composite film with improved thermal stability and effective to control bacterial growth. The starch-grafted polyacrylic acid exhibited 23.21% biodegradability in 60 days while its NC showed 16.19% at the same time by a soil burial test. It was observed that the composite film exhibited a significant efficacy against the bacteria.
INTRODUCTION There is an emerging interest in constructing biobased products and state-of-the-art working technologies that can lead to degradable and ecofriendly high-tech materials1-3. Moreover, nanocomposite (NC)-based biodegradable products are the future next-generation materials as part of an expanding circular bioeconomy4-7. Previous studies have revealed that renewable NC-based (Received August 7, 2020; accepted November 5, 2020)
biodegradable polymers together with polyhydroxy alkenoates (plastics made from bacterial sources), corn-derived plastics, and cellulosic plastic (plastic made from wood) are some probable biopolymers8-11. The integration of nanoparticles (NPs) in biodegradable polymers can construct NCs for a variety of applications12-16. NCs of this type possess enhanced strength a
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