The Effect of Primary Carbide on the Wear Resistance of Fe-Cr-C Coatings
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THE Fe-Cr-C coating has been widely used under wear conditions in industrial production owing to its high hardness and good comprehensive performance. Its anti-wear ability is mainly owing to the primary chromium carbide (PCC) formed during solidification of the welding process.[1–3] The rapid heating and cooling cycles prevalent in welding operations have been shown to impact the morphology of microstructures.[4] The initial growth morphology, crystallographic structure, and stacking faults of the PCC were investigated recently,[5,6] and the effect of the orientation of PCC on the wear resistance was also studied.[1,7] Grain
QING TAO is with the School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, P.R. China and also with the Department of Materials and Metallurgy, University of. Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0FS, UK. Contact e-mail: [email protected] JIAN WANG is with the School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 P.R. China. E.I. GALINDO-NAVA is with the Department of Materials and Metallurgy, University of. Cambridge. TIANYU ZHANG and ZHIZHOU PAN are with the School of Materials and Physics, China University of Mining and Technology. Manuscript submitted April 25, 2020.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
refining elements [8–10] and rare metal elements[11,12] have beened added as the alloys improving its comprehensive performance. The effect of the cooling rate during welding and post-heat treatment on the microstructure of the matrix and the secondary carbides has been studied.[2,13,14] The solidified thin and long columnar carbides oriented perpendicular to the wear surface can provide the best abrasion resistance under high stress.[1] Wu et al.[15] reported that the wear resistance of the Fe-Cr-C coating depends not only on the surface fractions of carbides but also on the coating hardness and mean free paths of the carbides. However, the 2D microstructure and morphology cannot fully represent the growth direction and spatial distribution of carbides. Therefore, the characterizations of the 3D microstructure of PCC and failure analysis based on 3D microstructure require optimizing the primary carbides in the coating to achieve better wear resistance. In this study, experiments were carried out to obtain 3D microstructures of the typical carbides in three different Fe-Cr-C coatings using a high-resolution 3D X-ray computed tomography, and then the effects of the morphology and distribution of the carbides on the contact stress and wear resistance were examined. Our experimental work was assisted by FE analysis using an experimentally observed real 3D microstructure. In
recent years, FE simulation has been developed to model multiphase steel,[16–18] to predict failure and plasticity in different stress states and boundary conditions using the true microstructure,[19,20] and to predict punch wear with good agreement with experimental results.[21,22] However, few studies have been conducted on the true microstr
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