The effects of automation of a patient-centric service in primary care on the work engagement and exhaustion of nurses
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
The effects of automation of a patient‑centric service in primary care on the work engagement and exhaustion of nurses Åsa Cajander1 · Marta Larusdottir1 · Gustaf Hedström1 Received: 14 March 2020 / Published online: 19 September 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Digitalising patient-centric services to address society’s challenges with an ageing population and healthcare provision is by many seen as important. Studying the effects of the digitalisation on the work engagement of the users of the new systems is vital in this context, especially since previous research has established that the work engagement at work in healthcare is problematic. Work engagement is defined as a positive, fulfilling, affective-motivational state of work related well being, as is closely connected to the experience of resources and demands in the work context. These resources can be for example digital support, experienced demands or empowerment whereas exhaustion is connected to work demand in a workplace. This study contributes to knowledge about the effects of digitalisation on work engagement and exhaustion in the context of patient-centred services and eHealth. Contextual interviews were conducted on site for 5 h with nurses using a new chat function and using telephone for medical advice to patients. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with all the nurses participating in this digitalisation project to gather more insights into their work engagement in the two work situations. Results were analysed in different themes of areas affected by the digitalisation in the two overarching themes: job demands and job resources. The results show that the change to a chat function when communicating with advice seekers had connection to work engagement in several ways. The nurses experienced less time pressure and emotional pressure, but also a loss of job control and feedback from colleagues working from home. Keywords Automation · EHealth patient-centric services · Work engagement · Healthcare professionals
Introduction Automation where humans and computers cooperate on various levels is transforming society. Many jobs are anticipated to be partially or completely automated in the future. OECD, for example, calculate that 14% of current jobs could completely disappear in the next 15–20 years, and they estimate that around 32% are likely to change entirely as tasks are automated [1]. Another well cited calculation estimates that 47% of all jobs in the US will be threatened by technology development in the next 10 to 20 years [2]. This transformation using automation is also seen in the healthcare sector and some areas of automation are clinical development, noninvasive surgeries, robots in the medical pill dispersion and administrative systems [3]. * Åsa Cajander [email protected] 1
Uppsala Universitet Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga Fakulteten, Uppsala, Sweden
Automation has also recently moved into the area of patient-centric services to address society’s challenges with an ageing population
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