The electrical and optical properties of Nb-doping PLZT (9/65/35) transparent ceramics
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The electrical and optical properties of Nb-doping PLZT (9/65/35) transparent ceramics Zhewei Xu 1,2
&
Xia Zeng 1,3 & Zhaodong Cao 4 & Liang Ling 1,3 & Pingsun Qiu 1,3 & Xiyun He 1,3
Received: 30 August 2019 / Accepted: 14 May 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the past few decades, transparent electro-optical ceramics PLZT (9/65/35) (Pb0.91La0.09(Zr0.65Ti0.35)0.9775O3) with special properties, particularly high transmittance in visible light, have gained much attention. However, restricted by the large ferroelectric hysteresis, the prospect is not optimistic. In this article, Pb0.91La0.09(Zr0.65Ti0.35)0.9775-5x/4NbxO3 (abbreviated as PLZTN) transparent ceramics with varying Nb content (x = 0.000, 0.005, 0.010, 0.015) were fabricated by hot press sintering process under oxygen atmosphere. Electrical and optical properties were systematically studied. The temperature dependence of the dielectric constant showed a diffuse phase transition indicated typical relaxor behaviour. Moreover, the temperature at maximum dielectric constant (Tm) are near about 63 °C, almost unchanged. Comparing with undoped samples, the PLZTN with x = 0.010 Nb doping shows a dramatic reduction of 162.5% in ferroelectric hysteresis, with only a slight decrease in the maximum polarization from 30.04 µC/cm2 to 28.53 µC/cm2. The quadratic electro optic coefficient experienced 54.8% reduction but still satisfy the application requirements. In terms of transmittance, the PLZTN samples kept a high value of transmittance (about 64%) along with increasing Nb content. Hence, the conclusion can be drawn that Nb doping in PLZT (9/65/35) is a novel strategy to reduce the ferroelectric hysteresis. Keywords Dielectric properties . Ferroelectric properties . Optical properties . Electro-optic properties . Hot pressing
1 Introduction PLZT (lead lanthanum zirconate titanate) transparent ceramic has been studied for decades which was first synthesized and studied by CE Land and G Haertling in 1970 [1]. Benefited from the property of transparency, the electro-optic (EO) effect was discovered in the subsequent researches. The EO effect elaborates the relationship between the electric field applied and the refringence index of the ceramic (or single crystal) [2, 3]. PLZT (9/65/35) EO ceramic is a typical example with high quadratic EO coefficient. Depend on the large quadratic EO
* Xiyun He [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Transparent Opto-Functional Inorganic Materials, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1295 Dingxi Road, 200050 Shanghai, China
2
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, China
3
Suzhou Research Institute, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 6 Liangfu Road, 215400 Taicang, Jiangsu Province, China
4
Shanghai Institute of Laser Plasma, China Academy of Engineering Physics, 1129 Chengjiashan Road, 201800 Shanghai, China
effect, it is widely used in applications such as light switch and optical modulator. However,
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