The equations of fluid and thermodynamics
The fundamentals for the calculation of turbulent flows are given by the basic equations of fluid and thermodynamics. There are several ways to introduce these equations. After introducing the fluid dynamic variables in section 4.1, these equations will b
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Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
Stefan Heinz
Statistical Mechanics of Turbulent Flows With 42 Figures
123
Dr. Stefan Heinz Technical University of Munich Department of Fluid Mechanics Boltzmannstraße 15 85747 Garching Germany E-mail: [email protected]
ISBN 978-3-642-07261-1 ISBN 978-3-662-10022-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-10022-6 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Applied For A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in die Deutsche Nationalbibliographie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at . This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitations, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH . Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law . http://www.springer.de © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2003 Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2004
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover Design: Erich Kirchner, Heidelberg Camera-ready by the author Printed on acid free paper
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To my wife Petra, and to our children Josephine and Jakob
Preface
The simulation of technological and environmental flows is very important for many industrial developments. A major challenge related to their modeling is to involve the characteristic turbulence that appears in most of these flows. The traditional way to tackle this question is to use deterministic equations where the effects of turbulence are directly parametrized, i.e., assumed as functions of the variables considered. However, this approach often becomes problematic, in particular if reacting flows have to be simulated. In many cases, it turns out that appropriate approximations for the closure of deterministic equations are simply unavailable. The alternative to the traditional way of modeling turbulence is to construct stochastic models which explain the random nature of turbulence. The application of such models is very attractive: one can overcome the closure problems that are inherent to deterministic methods on the basis of relatively simple and physically consistent models. Thus, from a general point of view, the use of stochastic methods for turbulence simulations seems to be the optimal way to solve most of the problems rel
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