The Gentianaceae - Volume 2: Biotechnology and Applications
This book, the second of two volumes on the Gentianaceae, is devoted to aspects of biotechnology and their applications. It consists of 18 chapters and covers micropropagation by means of organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis, and single cell manipulatio
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ntianaceae Volume 2: Biotechnology and Applications
The Gentianaceae - Volume 2: Biotechnology and Applications
Gentiana tibetica King. (Photograph A. Mikuła)
Jan J. Rybczyński Michael R. Davey Anna Mikuła •
Editors
The Gentianaceae Volume 2: Biotechnology and Applications
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Editors Jan J. Rybczyński Botanical Garden-Center for Biological Diversity Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland
Anna Mikuła Botanical Garden-Center for Biological Diversity Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland
Michael R. Davey Plant and Crop Sciences Division, School of Biosciences University of Nottingham Loughborough UK
ISBN 978-3-642-54101-8 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-54102-5
ISBN 978-3-642-54102-5
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2014931384 Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer-Verlag GmbH Berlin Heidelberg is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
This volume is dedicated by the editors to their spouses
Preface
The Gentianaceae, or Gentian family, is worldwide in distribution with approximately 100 genera and about 1800 species that include monocarpic and perennial herbs, shrubs, trees, and lianes, with terrestrial and epiphytic representatives. The plants are diverse in habit, the majority being herbaceous. The tropics are the main source of new species of the Gentianaceae. Gentiana (360 species), Gentianella (250 species), and Swertia (135 species) are the three largest genera; members of the family are protected by law. Several species are important pharmacologically because of their secondary metabolites, as some of the compounds have a broad spectrum of biological activity. Initial contacts with Gentians often occur during childhood when skin is protected from bacterial infection by Gencjana (Polish) or Violetum Gentianae (Latin), while children suffering from chicken pox are also paint
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