The impact of particulate matter 2.5 on the risk of preeclampsia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
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REVIEW ARTICLE
The impact of particulate matter 2.5 on the risk of preeclampsia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis Hongbiao Yu 1 & Yangxue Yin 1 & Jiashuo Zhang 1 & Rong Zhou 1 Received: 18 April 2020 / Accepted: 10 July 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract There is increasing and inconsistent evidence of a linkage between maternal exposure to particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and preeclampsia. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate this relationship. Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched to identify articles published from inception to March 23, 2020, which showed a correlation between PM2.5 and preeclampsia. Finally, 9 of 523 initial studies were deemed eligible for inclusion. A random effect model was adopted to calculate the standardized odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Based on potential effect modification, subgroup analyses were further performed. Meta-analysis showed that maternal exposure to PM2.5 (per 10 μg/m3 increment) elevated the risk of preeclampsia (OR = 1.32, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.58%). Compared with other pregnancy trimesters, the third trimester of pregnancy seems to be the period in which women are more susceptible to PM2.5. Significant effect modification of the correlation between PM2.5 exposure and preeclampsia according to multiple pregnancies, pregnancy stage, maternal-related disease history, and sample size was not observed. The results demonstrated that maternal exposure to PM2.5 may predispose pregnant women to develop preeclampsia, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy. Therefore, more efforts should be made to improve air quality to maintain the health of pregnant women. Keywords Particular matter 2.5 (PM2.5) . Preeclampsia . Meta-analysis . Pregnancy
Introduction Preeclampsia is the most common pregnancy-related complication with no effective cure, which presents as a syndrome of elevated maternal blood pressure and/or proteinuria in pregnant women after 20 weeks of gestation (Shah 2006); it affects 3–7% of pregnancies in the world. Moreover, it is one of the major causes of increased maternal and fetal morbidity and Hongbiao Yu and Yangxue Yin contributed equally to this work. Responsible editor: Lotfi Aleya Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10112-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Rong Zhou [email protected] 1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University) of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
mortality (Lyall et al. 2013; Steegers et al. 2010). The pathogenesis of preeclampsia is not fully understood. Placental dysfunction has been proved to be closely related to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (Pierik et al. 2019). Some studies have proved that endothelial dysfunction and vascula
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