The impact of uniform magnetic field on the pulsatile non-Newtonian blood flow in an elastic stenosed artery
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(2020) 42:570
TECHNICAL PAPER
The impact of uniform magnetic field on the pulsatile non‑Newtonian blood flow in an elastic stenosed artery Mahmood Reza Sadeghi1 · Mehdi Jahangiri2 · Mohsen Saghafian3 Received: 17 May 2019 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 © The Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 2020
Abstract Since the effect of magnetic fields on blood flow is not fully understood or studied comprehensively, this paper, for the first time, addresses the effect of uniform magnetic fields with different intensities on the pulsatile non-Newtonian blood flow in an elastic artery with axially symmetrical single and double stenoses using the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics 5.1. The results are suggestive that an increase in the percent stenosis increases the pressure drop, which is more dramatic in double stenosis. Moreover, for a given percent stenosis, increasing the Hartmann (Ha) number, in addition to increasing the pressure drop, increases the amount by which the pressure drop is raised. The shear stress results revealed that increasing the magnetic field intensity results in the reduction of the vortex region formed in the back of the stenosis, reducing the area prone to disease, which can resolve pathological issues. The impact of the magnetic field was found to be decreased by increasing the percent stenosis. It was also observed that the percentage difference between the maximum wall shear stresses for various percent stenoses is reduced by increasing the Ha number for both single and double stenoses. Graphic abstract
Keywords Hartmann number · Lorentz force · COMSOL · Stenosis
Technical Editor: Jader Barbosa. * Mahmood Reza Sadeghi [email protected] 1
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
List of symbols Ha Hartmann number BFD Biomagnetic fluid dynamics FHD Ferrohydrodynamics WSS Wall shear stress IG Global Importance factor MMP Matrix metallopeptidases LDL Low-density lipoprotein PDE Partial differential equation R Radius of artery (m) P Flow pressure (Pa)
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Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering
F Electromagnetic force (N/m3) n Normal vector (−) D Diameter of artery (m) I Unit diagonal matrix A Constant value (−) s Power index (−) t Time (s) u Velocity vector (m/s) B Magnetic flux intensity ( web ) m2 𝛾̇ Shear rate (s−1) σ Conductivity coefficient ( Ω1m) um Coordinate system velocity (m/s) usolid Solid mechanics field (−) ρ Blood density (kg/m3) θ Angle in the cylindrical coordinate (°) Cf Drag coefficient (−) σs Cauchy stress tensor (−) μ Blood viscosity (Pa s) μ0 Viscosity at zero shear rate (Pa s) μ∞ Viscosity at infinite shear rate (Pa s) Fv Volume force field of solid (N/m3) Γ The force enters on the solid boundaries (N)
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