The influence of climate on the radial increment of larches of different provenances on the basis of the experiment in t
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ORIGINAL PAPER
The influence of climate on the radial increment of larches of different provenances on the basis of the experiment in the Carpathian Mountains in Southern Poland Sławomir Boguslaw Wilczyn´ski • Marian Kulej
Received: 18 October 2012 / Revised: 26 July 2013 / Accepted: 9 August 2013 / Published online: 20 August 2013 Ó Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013
Abstract The study evaluated the sensitivity of larch (Larix decidua Mill.) of 20 provenances growing in the Polish lower mountain region to different climatic elements. The provenances were grown on an experimental plot located in the Polish Carpathians. Analysis of the yearto-year tree-ring width of larch of particular provenances has been undertaken. The larch populations examined were subjected to high stresses induced by the local climatic conditions. The tested larch populations were characterised by a similar sensitivity to the various climatic elements occurring during the development of the annual ring in the current and the previous year. The most limiting element of the climate, which had the strongest influence on the variation in the radial growth of larch, is air temperature. Precipitation and sunshine played an important, but slightly less significant role. A similar influence on the changes of the tree-ring width of larches of all provenances was exerted by the solar conditions in September and pluvial conditions in November of the previous year as well as thermal, pluvial and solar conditions in March and July in addition to the thermal conditions in August of the year in which the tree ring was formed. The consequence was the strong uniformity of the incremental rhythm, which is Communicated by C. Ammer. S. B. Wilczyn´ski (&) Department of Forest Protection, Entomology and Forest Climatology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krako´w, Poland e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] M. Kulej Department of Forest Tree Breeding, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krako´w, Poland
illustrated by the standardised chronologies of tree-ring widths. However, the larches of particular provenances indicated different sensitivity to the temperature in September of the previous year and to the precipitation in August of the year of tree-ring formation. It was reflected in the short-term rhythm of the changes in the tree-ring widths. Keywords Larix decidua Dendroclimatology Tree ring Provenances
Introduction Larches in Poland grow in a dispersed form (Boratyn´ski 1986). They occur in larger areas only in the S´wie˛tokrzyskie Mountains in central Poland and in the Sudeten and Carpathian Mountains in the south of the country. This island-like occurrence of larch caused the differentiation of two sub-species within the species of Larix decidua (Mill.): European larch (L. decidua subsp. decidua growing in the higher levels of the Alps and Tatras, its Sudeten variety [L. decidua var. sudetica (Cies´.) Domin.] growing i
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