The influence of various concentrations of ammonia on titania properties as a photo-anode for dye-sensitized solar cell
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The influence of various concentrations of ammonia on titania properties as a photo-anode for dyesensitized solar cell Nitu Motwani1, Priyanka U. Londhe1, and Nandu B. Chaure1,* 1
Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Pune 411 007, India
Received: 29 June 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 29 September 2020
The amorphous TiO2 samples have been prepared by a combination of sol–gel and solvothermal processes with different concentrations of ammonia. The mesoporous TiO2 samples with polycrystalline tetragonal anatase crystal structure were obtained upon calcination at about 500 °C for 2 h. The structural, optical, morphological, and optoelectronic properties were studied by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, UV–Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and Scanning electron microscopy. The illuminated current density–voltage measurements were performed to measure the solar cell performance. The band gap values * 3.28 eV with variation ± 0.03 eV were estimated from optical absorption with a small variation in the slope of Tauc curves. The dye loaded in TiO2 mesoporous layer prepared without ammonia revealed better absorption for overall UV and visible region probably due to the presence of large voids on the surface of sample. The maximum efficiency in the present work of * 2.05% is measured for the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) prepared with N3 (cis-bis (isothiocyanato)bis(2,20 -bipyridyl-4,40 -dicarboxylato ruthenium(II)) dye. The large surface area and voids present in mesoporous TiO2 layer obtained without ammonia may be suitable to produce high-efficiency DSSC devices.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
1 Introduction In the present scenario, solar energy has become one of the most popular renewable energy resources because of its abundant availability and pollution and noise-free generation of electricity [1]. Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC) could be one of the appropriate approaches to produce low-cost, high
power conversion efficiency (PCE) solar cells by simple wet chemical techniques without the involvement of non-toxic processing steps [2, 3]. It consists of conducting substrate, compact layer, mesoporous semiconducting material, dye sensitizer, electrolyte, and counter electrode. For better dye adsorption, high surface area, high conductivity, and stability with optimum redox counter electrolyte are
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-04569-z
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron
the leading parameters that influence the performance of DSSC [1]. The conducting substrate is usually employed with a transparent conducting glass, either indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) or fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), and mesoporous titania (TiO2) is a photo-anode. Mesoporous TiO2 has been extensively studied due to its low-cost synthesis, wide energy band gap (3.3 eV) [4], excellent transport behavior [5], high cry
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