The live birth and neonatal outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy among patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes in first
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GYNECOLOGIC ENDOCRINOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE
The live birth and neonatal outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy among patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes in first frozen embryo transfer cycles Jianghui Li1 · Jiaying Lin1 · Mingru Yin1 · Qianqian Zhu1 · Yanping Kuang1 Received: 23 October 2019 / Accepted: 19 May 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose To explore whether the adverse pregnancy outcomes in first frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles affect live birth and neonatal outcomes in the subsequent pregnancy? Methods This was a retrospective study. Women with a history of adverse pregnancy outcomes in first FET cycles started their subsequent embryo transfer cycles. The adverse pregnancy outcomes included biochemical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and first-trimester pregnancy loss. The main outcomes of present study were live birth rate and neonatal outcomes. Results Results showed patients with first-trimester pregnancy loss in first FET cycles had a 95 percent greater chance of live birth in subsequent FET cycles (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.33–2.88). However, the biochemical pregnancy/ectopic pregnancy in initial FET cycles did not affect the chance of live birth in second cycles (biochemical pregnancy: OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.82–1.77; ectopic pregnancy: OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.55–2.05). The neonatal outcomes of singletons were not affected by the number of embryo transfer cycles. Conclusions Patients with first-trimester pregnancy loss in first FET cycle had a greater chance of live birth in second FET cycles, but the biochemical pregnancy/ectopic pregnancy in first FET cycles did not significantly affect the live birth in second FET cycles. The three types of adverse pregnancy outcomes in first FET cycles did not affect neonatal outcomes in the second cycles. Keywords Live birth · Neonatal outcome · Adverse pregnancy outcome · Frozen embryo transfer · Assisted reproductive technology
Introduction Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has achieved great development in the last decades, and many new approaches have been widely used in the treatment for infertility, including the cryopreservation of embryos and blastocyst transfer [1, 2]. Although the pregnancy rate and live birth rate have been improved during this period, adverse pregnancy outcome is still one of the challenging problems faced by the * Qianqian Zhu [email protected] * Yanping Kuang [email protected] 1
Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated to JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Zhizaoju Road No. 639, Shanghai, China
clinician worldwide [3, 4]. In addition, adverse pregnancy outcome increases the psychological and economic burdens to infertile couples [5, 6]. Adverse pregnancy outcomes are regarded as a much earlier manifestation of the pathophysiology associated with abnormal placentation, which include biochemical pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and first-trimester pregnancy loss [7]. There were some research on adverse pregnancy outcomes till now
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