Pregnancy Outcomes in Systemic Vasculitides
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VASCULITIS (L ESPINOZA, SECTION EDITOR)
Pregnancy Outcomes in Systemic Vasculitides Carolyn Ross 1 & Rohan D’Souza 2 & Christian Pagnoux 1
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review In recent years, improvements in the recognition of primary vasculitides and increased treatment options have led to greater survival rates and a better quality of life for patients. Therefore, pregnancy in women with vasculitis has become a more frequent consideration or event. Literature on pregnancy outcomes in this population has grown and allowed us, in this article, to review the effects of pregnancy on disease activity, as well as maternal and fetal outcomes for each type of vasculitides. Recent Findings Successful pregnancies in patients with vasculitides are possible, especially when conception is planned, and the disease is in remission. The risk of vasculitis flare is highly dependent on the type of vasculitis, but overall limited. The most frequent complication associated with large-vessel vasculitis (mainly Takayasu arteritis) is hypertension and preeclampsia. Preterm deliveries and intrauterine growth restriction occur more frequently with small- and medium-vessel vasculitis. Summary Pregnancies in patients with vasculitis should be considered high risk and followed by a multidisciplinary team with expertise in the field. Flares should be managed as in the non-pregnant population, while avoiding medications with unknown safety in pregnancy or known teratogens. Although commonly prescribed for the prevention of preeclampsia, there is limited evidence supporting the use of low-dose aspirin for pregnant women with vasculitis. Prospective registries or studies are needed, to better assess the value of aspirin, the place and long-term impact of new biologics and, to identify predictors of pregnancy outcomes other than disease status at conception. Keywords Pregnancy . Vasculitides . Vasculitis . Takayasu . Behçet’s disease . ANCA-associated vasculitis
Introduction Primary systemic vasculitides are a group of rare heterogeneous disorders classified mainly according to their affected vessel sizes [1]. In the past years, improvements in the diagnostic process and increased treatment options have led to an earlier detection, better survival, and less fertility concerns [2, 3•, 4]. Consequently, these diseases now affect more women of childbearing age and there has been a progressive increase in the number of pregnancies seen in this population [5].
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Vasculitis * Christian Pagnoux [email protected] 1
Vasculitis Clinic, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
2
Division of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Among the various primary vasculitides, those that can affect young women in their reproductive years are mainly Takayasu arteritis (
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