The Magnetoelectric Effect in Ferroelectric/Ferromagnetic Film Hybrid Systems with Easy-Plane and Easy-Axis Anisotropy
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ICAL ELECTRONICS
The Magnetoelectric Effect in Ferroelectric/Ferromagnetic Film Hybrid Systems with Easy-Plane and Easy-Axis Anisotropy N. S. Guseva,*, M. V. Sapozhnikova, O. G. Udalova, I. Yu. Pashen’kina, and P. A. Yunina aInstitute
for Physics of Microstructures, Russian Academy of Sciences, Afonino, Nizhny Novgorod oblast, 603087 Russia *e-mail: [email protected] Received April 9, 2020; revised April 9, 2020; accepted April 9, 2020
Abstract—The striction magnetoelectric effect in hybrid systems consisting of a magnetic film applied on the surface of a ferroelectric has been investigated. Films with planar (galfenol, nickel) and perpendicular (Co/Pt multilayer structures) magnetic anisotropy have been used. A PMN–PT crystal has served as ferroelectric. The hysteresis loops of magnetic films have been studied as a function of voltage applied to the ferroelectric crystal. A voltage applied to films with easy-plane anisotropy causes the anisotropy axis to turn in the plane of the sample. In structures with easy-axis anisotropy, the hysteresis shape changes, which, according to numerical simulation, may be associated with a change in interfacial Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interaction at the Co/Pt interface. DOI: 10.1134/S1063784220110158
INTRODUCTION Hybrid structures consisting of ferromagnets and ferroelectrics are of great interest [1–4] today. Such systems allow controlling the magnetic states by means of electric fields. Such a possibility may be used in many applications of spintronics, micromechanics, and medicine [5–8]. The use of magnetoelectric phenomena, instead of standard current passing through coils, to control magnetic properties makes it possible to considerably reduce power losses in the system. Today, power losses are the main obstacle to application of spintronic devices in everyday life [9]. Today, there is a significant interest in magnetic films on the surface of ferroelectric crystals. In these systems, electrical and magnetic degrees of freedom are coupled owing to a combination of magnetoelastic and electrostriction phenomena [10]. In magnetic films with planar and perpendicular anisotropy, the possibility of the anisotropy axis rotation through the application of electric field to the ferroelectric was demonstrated [11–15]. It has been shown recently that the interfacial Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interaction (DMI) in Co/Pt films can be controlled by generating strains in them [16]. The question arises in this context of whether the DMI can be controlled with electric field in Co/Pt/ferroelectric hybrid structures. In this study, we, using the magnetooptic Kerr effect, studied the magnetization behavior in Co/Pt films deposited on a PMN–PT ferroelectric crystal to which an electric voltage is applied. The variation of hysteresis loops as a function of applied electric field
was analyzed. In addition, the striction magnetoelectric effect was investigated in films with planar anisotropy deposited on a ferroelectric. 1. SAMPLE PREPARATION The objects of investigation were ferroelectric/ferromagnet hyb
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