The mindfulness trait and high perceived stress changes during treatment in patients with psychiatric disorders
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The mindfulness trait and high perceived stress changes during treatment in patients with psychiatric disorders Fida Mugrabi 1 & Lihi Rozner 1 & Einat Peles 2,3 Accepted: 2 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract We aimed to evaluate the mindfulness trait, its relations to perceived stress, and whether they change as a result of outpatient psychiatric non-mindfulness treatment among 21 patients with psychiatric disorders. Perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale, PSS) and mindfulness trait (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, FFMQ) questionnaires were administered to patients with psychiatric disorders on admission and following 6 weeks of treatment. The Clinical Global Impression Severity scale (CGI-S) was also assessed. Repeated measures were used to assess variables that related to changes in the PSS and FFMQ scores over time. On admission, the PSS score was inversely correlated with the FFMQ score, and it was higher among patients with current pain and a CGI-S score ≥ 5. The PSS score declined, and the “non-judge” domain of the five sub-scores of the FFMQ score increased after 6 weeks of treatment. An interaction between change in “non-judge” scores and the CGI-S score at baseline showed that scores improved among the severe (CGI-S ≥ 5) group only, achieving comparable scores after 6 weeks. Stress lowered following treatment but the mindfulness trait remained unchanged and probably needs specific intervention. Keywords Five facet mindfulness questionnaire . Perceived stress . Non-judgment . Current pain . Outpatient psychiatric service, prospective
Abbreviations PPS Perceived Stress Scale FFMQ Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire BPD Borderline Personality Disorders MMT Methadone Maintenance Treatment PTSD Posttraumatic Stress Disorder DSM Diagnostic and Statistical Manual CGI-S Clinical Global Impression - Severity scale MDD Major Depressive Disorder OCD Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.
* Lihi Rozner [email protected] 1
Department of Psychiatry, Adelson Clinic, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Center1 Henrietta Szold St, 6492406 Tel-Aviv, Israel
2
Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Clinic for Drug Abuse Treatment and Research, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
3
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Introduction Stress is defined as a non-specific response of a subject to any challenging demand from the environment (Riboni and Belzung 2017). Psychiatric disorders are a group of mental conditions representing a huge mental health burden, with limited knowledge regarding their etiology as well as poor treatment outcomes. Diagnosis is established according to the DSM-5 criteria, and symptoms are often associated with stress. Stress during development or adulthood may have an impact on all psychiatric disorders (Riboni and Belzung 2017). Mindfulness counteracts stress (Baer et al. 2006). Mindfulness is traditionally defined as directing complete attention to the experiences occurring in the present moment i
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