The Past and Future City How Historic Preservation Is Reviving Ameri

At its most basic, historic preservation is about keeping old places alive, in active use, and relevant to the needs of communities today. As cities across America experience a remarkable renaissance, and more and more young, diverse families choose to li

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STEPHANIE MEEKS with

Kevin C. Murphy

The Past and Future City

The Past and Future City How Historic Preservation Is Reviving America’s Communities

Stephanie Meeks with Kevin C. Murphy

Washington | Covelo | London

Copyright © 2016 National Trust for Historic Preservation All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without permission in writing from the publisher: Island Press, 2000 M Street NW, Suite 650, Washington, DC 20036 Island Press is a trademark of The Center for Resource Economics. Library of Congress Control Number: 2016938037 Printed on recycled, acid-free paper Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Keywords: Affordable housing, community revitalization, gentrification, green building, historic building, historic district, historic neighborhood, historic tax credits, inclusive communities, Jane Jacobs, National Main Street Center, Preservation Green Lab, public space, urban revitalization, walkable community

To Rob, for your inspiration and encouragement

A city is more than a place in space, it is a drama in time. —Patrick Geddes

Contents Acknowledgments  xi Introduction: The Powers of Place   1 Chapter 1: Downtown Is for People: Competing Visions of the Ideal American City  25 Chapter 2: Older, Smaller, Better: How Older Buildings Enhance Urban Vitality  43 Chapter 3: Making It Work for Your City: Unleashing the Power and Potential of Historic Fabric   69 Chapter 4: Buildings Reborn: Keeping Historic Properties in Active Use  133 Chapter 5: Our Diverse History: Toward More Inclusive History and Communities  163 Chapter 6: Mitigating the Great Inversion: The Problems of Affordability and Displacement  201 Chapter 7: The Greenest Buildings: Preservation, Climate Change, and the Environment  235 Conclusion: The Future of the Past: Livable Cities and the Future of Preservation  257 Notes  263 Bibliography  313 About the Authors   321 Index  323

Acknowledgments Just as historic places are the physical embodiment of countless Americans’ stories, the act of writing a book is by no means solely the labor of one or two people. In crafting The Past and Future City, I am indebted to many hardworking staff at the National Trust for Historic Preservation and the wider preservation community as well as to other authors, thinkers, readers, friends, and family. First, let me especially thank my colleague in composing this book, and the speechwriter at the National Trust, Kevin C. Murphy. He has proved invaluable in shaping, researching, revising, and editing the book before you. I also know he would feel remiss if I did not extend his deepest thanks to his patient fiancée, Amy, and dog, Murf. This book immediately found a home and champion in Island Press, and I want to acknowledge Chuck Savitt, David Miller, and especially our keen and insightful editor, Heather Boyer, for their work in helping this project along. I also want to recognize all the many dedicated and knowledgea