The Physics of Phase Transitions Concepts and Applications

The physics of phase transitions is an important area at the crossroads of several fields that play central roles in materials sciences. This work deals with broad classes of phase transitions in fluids and solids. It contains chapters on evaporation, mel

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Physics and Astronomy

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Advanced Texts in Physics This program of advanced texts covers a broad spectrum of topics which are of current and emerging interest in physics. Each book provides a comprehensive and yet accessible introduction to a field at the forefront of modern research. As such, these texts are intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students at the MS and PhD level; however, research scientists seeking an introduction to particular areas of physics will also benefit from the titles in this collection.

P. Papon J. Leblond P.R.E. Meijer

The Physics of Phase Transitions Concepts and Applications Tranlated from the French by S. 1. Schnur With 175 Figures

,

Springer

Pierre Papon Jacques Leblond

Paul H.E. Meijer Catholic University of America Department of Physics Washington, DC 20064, USA

Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de Paris (ESPCI) Laboratoire de Physique Thermique 10 rue Vauquelin 75005 Paris, France [email protected]

Translator

S.1. Schnur Concepts Unlimited 6009 Lincolnwood Court Burke, VA 22015-3012, USA

Translation from the French language edition of

Physique des transitions de phases, concepts et applications

by Pierre Papon, Jacques Leblond and Paul H.E. Meijer © 1999 Editions Dunod, Paris, France

This work has been published with the help of the Prench Ministere de la Culture - Centre national du livre The cover picture shows dentrites from a Co-Sm-Cu alloy, by courtesy of Prof. W. Kurz, Laboratoire de metallurgie Physique, Ecole Polytechnique federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Papon, Pierre, 1939[Physique des transitions de phases. English] The physics of phase transitions : concepts and applications / P. Papon, J. Leblond, P.H.E. Meijer. p. ; cm. -- (Advanced texts in physics, ISSN 1439-2674) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-3-662-04991-4 ISBN 978-3-662-04989-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-04989-1 1. Phase transformations (Statistical physics) 1. Leblond, Jacques. II. Meijer, Paul Herman Emst, 1921- 1lI. Title. IV. Series. QCI75.16.P5 P36 2002 530.4'74--dc21

2002276534

ISSN 1439-2674 ISBN 978-3-662-04991-4 This work is subject to copyright. AII rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law.

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Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York in 2002 Softcover reprint of the hardcover Ist edition 2